URLs in external references show up as question marks

Question

So I have several external references like this one

@misc{epa_2013,
  author = {EPA},
  title = {National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System},
  url = "{\url{http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/}}",
  note = "Accessed: 2/6/2013",
}

And when I compile my document, I get question marks instead of a URL:

I have the following preamble:

\documentclass{tJDE2e}

\title{{\itshape International Journal of Digital Earth} \break Name of Paper}
\author{Our Authors}

\usepackage{graphicx} % support the \includegraphics command and options
\usepackage{color}
\usepackage{subfigure} 
\usepackage{placeins}


\usepackage{url}


%needed for correctly facing smart quotes
\usepackage [english]{babel}
\usepackage [autostyle, english = american]{csquotes}
\MakeOuterQuote{"}

\date{} 
\begin{document}

\maketitle
\begin{abstract}

And for the references section, I have this:

\bibliographystyle{tJDE}
\bibliography{reference}

I've tried removing the \url, I've tried changing the url package to hyperref...no matter what I do, I can't seem to get the URLs to render as actual URLs.

EDIT: here is the tJDE2e template for the Digital Earth journal

http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/authors/tjdelatex.zip

Answer 1

The bibliography style you use, tJDE, does not recognize url fields in bibliography entries. Use the note field for that. The question marks stem from missing year fields that the style enforces even for misc entries (violating the standard). The question marks at the end stem from missing accessed fields that are required for misc entries (violating the standard). Since you have that information, move it there:

@misc{epa_2013,
  author = {EPA},
  title = {National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System},
  year = 2013,
  note = "\url{http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/}",
  accessed = "accessed 2/6/2013",
}

should work.