It's a somehow unusual request. I assume that the arrow should appear between the full name and the short form of the acronym when using the \ac command. In the following example code I show how to proceed. The idea is to redefine the internal command \@ac; this implies the definition of a series of commands similar to \acf, \acf*, and \acfa to actually typeset the arrow:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage[printonlyused,withpage]{acronym}
\makeatletter
% similar to \acf and relatives but adding an arrow between the full name and the short form
\newcommand*{\Arracf}{\AC@starredfalse\protect\Arracfa}%
\WithSuffix\newcommand\Arracf*{\AC@starredtrue\protect\Arracfa}%
\newcommand*{\Arracfa}[1]{%
\texorpdfstring{\protect\@Arracf{#1}}{\AC@acl{#1} (#1)}}
\newcommand*{\@Arracf}[1]{%
\ifAC@footnote
\acsfont{\AC@acs{#1}}%
\footnote{\AC@placelabel{#1}\AC@acl{#1}{}}%
\else
\acffont{%
\AC@placelabel{#1}\AC@acl{#1}%
$\rightarrow$\nolinebreak[3]\acfsfont{(\acsfont{\AC@acs{#1}})}%
}%
\fi
\ifAC@starred\else\AC@logged{#1}\fi}
%modification of \@ac to use \Arracf (which includes the arrow)
\renewcommand{\@ac}[1]{%
\ifAC@dua
\ifAC@starred\acl*{#1}\else\acl{#1}\fi%
\else
\expandafter\ifx\csname ac@#1\endcsname\AC@used%
\ifAC@starred\acs*{#1}\else\acs{#1}\fi%
\else
\ifAC@starred\Arracf*{#1}\else\Arracf{#1}\fi%
\fi
\fi
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\section{Intro}
In the early nineties, \ac{GSM} was deployed in many European
countries. \ac{GSM} offered for the first time international
roaming for mobile subscribers. The \ac{GSM}'s use of \ac{TDMA} as
its communication standard was debated at length. And every now
and then there are big discussion whether \ac{CDMA} should have
been chosen over \ac{TDMA}.
\begin{acronym}[TDMA]
\acro{CDMA}{Code Division Multiple Access}
\acro{GSM}{Global System for Mobile communication}
\acro{TDMA}{Time Division Multiple Access}
\end{acronym}
\end{document}
Disclaimer: I am not sure that the above code will behave as expected with all the variations of commands provided by the acronym package.
EDIT: the code below redefines \ac to automatically prepend an arrow for all usages of an acronym except the first (as requested in the comments):
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[colorlinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage[printonlyused,withpage]{acronym}
\makeatletter
%modification of \@ac to include an arrow for every use except the first
\renewcommand{\@ac}[1]{%
\ifAC@dua
\ifAC@starred\acl*{#1}\else\acl{#1}\fi%
\else
\expandafter\ifx\csname ac@#1\endcsname\AC@used%
\ifAC@starred\acs*{#1}\else\mbox{$\rightarrow$\acs{#1}}\fi%
\else
\ifAC@starred\Arracf*{#1}\else\acf{#1}\fi%
\fi
\fi
}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\section{Intro}
In the early nineties, \ac{GSM} was deployed in many European
countries. \ac{GSM} offered for the first time international
roaming for mobile subscribers. The \ac{GSM}'s use of \ac{TDMA} as
its communication standard was debated at length. And every now
and then there are big discussion whether \ac{CDMA} should have
been chosen over \ac{TDMA}.
\begin{acronym}[TDMA]
\acro{CDMA}{Code Division Multiple Access}
\acro{GSM}{Global System for Mobile communication}
\acro{TDMA}{Time Division Multiple Access}
\end{acronym}
\end{document}
