Here's an example using the memoir class; perhaps one of the other options would have an easier approach. You'll need to load some sort of package like memoir or KOMA-Script or fncychap to be able to write this sort of thing without too much programming, but as you can see below, there's still some manual bits and pieces.
\documentclass{memoir}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\renewcommand\chapterheadstart{%
\vspace*{\beforechapskip}
\noindent
\smash{% = don't take up any vertical space
\raisebox{1cm}{% = place graphic at a certain height
\rule{5em}{5em}% = insert graphic
}%
}%
\par
}
\begin{document}
\chapter{foo}
\end{document}