Placing each mdframed environment inside a minipage of specific width works:
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mdframed}% http://ctan.org/pkg/mdframed
\begin{document}
\noindent
\null\hfill%
\begin{minipage}{.4\linewidth}
\begin{mdframed}[roundcorner=10pt]
table 1
\end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}
\hspace{2cm}
\begin{minipage}{.4\linewidth}
\begin{mdframed}[roundcorner=10pt]
table 2
\end{mdframed}
\end{minipage}%
\hfill\null
\end{document}
Change .4\linewidth to your liking. The use of \null\hfill ... \hfill\null is to centre the mdframes within the text block without having to wrap it inside a group. \centering with a group would also work.