This seems like a problem that should be well known and easy to fix, but I can't find any information about it. I decided to look in to ConTeXt, and I've hit a couple of stumbling blocks (but one is far more annoying than the other, so I'll focus on that one here).
I've installed ConTeXt and SciTE on two of my computers following the instructions at http://wiki.contextgarden.net/Windows_Installation:_ConTeXt_Suite_with_SciTe. One machine runs Windows 7 x64, the other x86. One has Evince installed, and the other does not (instead it has Adobe Reader right now).
On the 64-bit machine with Evince, when I build a file using mtxrun, it launches evince three times (evince doesn't open a file), produces output like it's actually doing the build process, and then opens Evince three more times. So the result of building is always 6 Evince instances, all with no file loaded.
On the 32-bit machine with Adobe Reader, when I try using mtxrun, it sits for a very long while (presumably while Adobe Reader loads) and I get "An internal error occurred." from Adobe Reader three times. Then it builds, and then it sits for a while longer and I get "An internal error occurred" from Adobe Reader three more times.
So, for some reason, it appears to be launching the default PDF reader 3 times at the beginning and 3 times at the end, and I suspect calling them in some invalid way (with a bad file?) that results in Evince just not opening anything and Adobe Reader crashing. If I open the PDF it produced manually it looks fine.
I'm building from SciTE and mtxrun should be set up to use MKIV/LuaTeX. I'm thinking this is a configuration problem with LuaTeX, but I don't know enough to investigate this myself and no one else seems to be having the same problem (even though it does the same thing on both of my computers).
My other issue is that despite following the instructions I linked to I can't get SciTE to syntax highlight. I mention it only in case someone knows a problem with those instuctions, otherwise this isn't a big issue for me because I'll probably end up using a different text editor anyway.