# Border matrix with multiple indices on top and bottom

How can I write a matrix where there is an index at the top and also at the bottom? \bordermatrix doesn't seem to have an option for multiple indices.

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Look for the package blkarray; there are examples on this site. –  egreg Jun 18 '12 at 13:38

An example using the blkarray package:

\documentclass[12pt]{report}
\usepackage{blkarray}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}

$\begin{blockarray}{cccccc} c_1 & c_2 & c_3 & c_4 & c_5 \\ \begin{block}{(ccccc)c} 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & 0 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 & 1 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 1 \\ \end{block} d_1 & d_2 & d_3 & d_4 & d_5 \\ \end{blockarray}$

\end{document}


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A TikZ based solution! By means of the comment percusse suggested, it is possible to make the foreach loop simpler: it iterates on rows/columns of the names that matrix of math nodes gives to each entry of the matrix and reuses that number also in the border index.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,calc}
\begin{document}

\begin{align*}
P&=
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=-\the\dimexpr\fontdimen22\textfont2\relax ]
\matrix(m)[matrix of math nodes,left delimiter=(,right delimiter=),inner sep=4pt,ampersand replacement=\&]
{
x_1 \&  y_1 \& s_1 \&  z_1 \\
x_2 \&  y_2 \& s_2 \&  z_2 \\
x_3 \&  y_3 \& s_3 \&  z_3 \\
x_4 \&  y_4 \& s_4 \&  z_4 \\
};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\foreach \s in {1,2,...,4}{
% bottom index
\node[red,shift=(m-4-\s.south),yshift=-0.4cm](0,0) {$a_{\s}$};
}
\foreach \n in {1,2,...,4}{
% top index
\node[blue,shift=(m-1-\n.north),yshift=0.4cm](0,0) {$b_{\n}$} ;
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{align*}

\end{document}


Following the strategy, it is also possible to define indices on the matrix's left or right side:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,calc}
\begin{document}

\begin{align*}
P&=
\begin{tikzpicture}[baseline=-\the\dimexpr\fontdimen22\textfont2\relax ]
\matrix(m)[matrix of math nodes,left delimiter=(,right delimiter=),inner sep=4pt,ampersand replacement=\&]
{
x_1 \&  y_1 \& s_1 \&  z_1 \\
x_2 \&  y_2 \& s_2 \&  z_2 \\
x_3 \&  y_3 \& s_3 \&  z_3 \\
x_4 \&  y_4 \& s_4 \&  z_4 \\
};
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\foreach \s in {1,2,...,4}{
% bottom index
\node[blue,shift=(m-4-\s.south),yshift=-0.4cm,text height=1ex,](0,0) {$a_{\s}$};
}
\foreach \n in {1,2,...,4}{
% right index
\node[green!70!blue,shift=(m-\n-4.west),xshift=1.5cm,text height=1ex,](0,0) {$b_{\n}$} ;
}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{align*}

\end{document}


The result:

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You can simplify the foreach loop via \node[blue,shift=(m-1-\n.north),yshift=0.4cm](0,0) {$b_{\n}$};. You also don't need align here. –  percusse Jun 18 '12 at 14:22
Thanks for the nice suggestion: it's really smart ;). The align is just a remain of a previous answer, but I kept because maybe the OP needs to insert this matrix inside an math environment. –  Claudio Fiandrino Jun 18 '12 at 14:30

Maybe this work

\documentclas{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{color}
\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
P=\begin{array}{c}
\textcolor{blue}{ \begin{array}{c@{\hspace{13pt}}c@{\hspace{13pt}}c@{\hspace{13pt}}c@{\hspace{13pt}}c@{\hspace{13pt}}c}
y_1 & y_2 & y_3 & y_4 & y_5 & y_6
\end{array}}\\[5pt]
\begin{bmatrix}
0.9 &  0  &  0  &  0  &  0  &  0 \\
1  & 0.4 & 0.5 &  0  &  0  &  0 \\
0  &  0  &  1  &  0  &  0  &  0 \\
0  &  0  & 0.2 &  1  &  0  &  0 \\
0  &  0  &  0  & 0.4 & 0.5 & 0.2
\end{bmatrix}
\end{array}
\end{align*}
\end{document}


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In the last code edited by percusse, output is not matching with the code. I am also interested in the code that matches the output. Someone, please help me! –  user17403 Aug 9 '12 at 5:02