Using pgfplots, how can I make and use a colormap that has a sharp transition in the middle?

Question

I wish to make a colormap where the distinction between numbers smaller than 0 and numbers greater than 0 is emphasised. So I want to make a colormap that has one sharp transition in the middle and fades to different colours on the edges. How can I do it? In the manual, I only found how to make gradual transitions.

Answer 1

You can declare your own color map, defining two colours for the transition point. Note that you might need to manually set a finer step size using the optional argument in the color map definition, to avoid incorrect colors near the transition point:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\begin{document}

\pgfplotsset{
    colormap={blackwhite}{[5pt]
        rgb255(0pt)=(255, 200, 0);
        rgb255(500pt)=(255, 75, 0);
        rgb255(500pt)=(0, 100, 255);
        rgb255(1000pt)=(0, 255, 255)
    },
}

\begin{tikzpicture}
    \begin{axis}[colorbar]
\addplot [scatter, samples=50] {x};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}