{equations} is about the various environments to typeset displaystyle mathematics, e.g. equation and {align}. For general questions about mathematical typesetting use {math-mode}. Both tags are possible on the same question.
141
votes
7answers
6k views
Why is \[ … \] preferable to $$ … $$?
I've heard that you should use \[ ... \] for displayed equations instead of $$ ... $$, but why is that?
I'd assumed that it's so that you can more easily tell which are starting and which are ending ...
38
votes
2answers
2k views
How do I number equations only if they are referred to in the text?
I have a paper where all equations are numbered, but I want to number equations only if they are actually referred to in the .tex file using \ref{}. How can I make that happen? Alternatively, how can ...
36
votes
4answers
17k views
eqnarray vs align
I want to include a list of related equations, say, for a proof, in my LaTeX document. As far as I know, I have two good options, eqnarray and align. What is the difference between them, and how do I ...
36
votes
1answer
3k views
Breaking equations with breqn
I am new to using the breqn package. It looks good, but I get an odd behaviour when an equation can almost fit in the page but not quite: the alignment gets completely wrong. Is there a way to fix ...
34
votes
3answers
1k views
Which command should I use for displayed equations?
A number of related questions have already been asked about this issue:
align vs equation
which is preferable to
what to do with this hyperref note on amsmath
and even eqnarray vs align
But I'm ...
33
votes
2answers
3k views
align vs equation
I always use align in my documents, and avoid equation. Is there anything wrong with that? My reasoning behind this: align > equation, so why not use it?
32
votes
4answers
31k views
How can I split an equation over two lines
I am having the following equation:
\begin{equation}
Q(\lambda,\hat{\lambda}) = -\frac{1}{2} P(O \mid \lambda ) \sum_s \sum_m \sum_t \gamma_m^{(s)} (t) \left( n \log(2 \pi ) + \log \left| C_m^{(s)} ...
31
votes
11answers
2k views
Embedding LaTeX equations into a webpage
I'd like to include some basic math equations into a webpage. Is there an easy way of either compiling the LaTeX into an image which I can upload, or else of having the browser parse the code?
29
votes
4answers
31k views
How to break a long equation?
I have a long equation but long enough to occupy two lines.
I want to break it to improve readability. How can I break it?
\begin{equation}
F = \{F_{x} \in F_{c} : (|S| > |C|) \cap
(minPixels ...
26
votes
5answers
1k views
LaTeX accessibility
Does anyone know of any LaTeX modules that makes the pdf output generated by pdflatex Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA)/Seciton 508 compliant?
Specifics:
With regard to math. One simple ...
25
votes
3answers
5k views
How can I get rid of indentation after an equation?
I'm a total newbie to LaTeX and I get very annoyed about this. Every time I write an equation, the text following the equation has some indentation but I don't want it to be there!
Look at the ...
24
votes
4answers
549 views
How to write a perfect equation parameters description?
A symbols or parameters description is shown below, however, the = and the details of parameter are not aligned.
I want to make a parameters list for a equation like this, in which symbols, = and ...
24
votes
3answers
3k views
How can I get an underbrace and an overbrace to partially overlap in an equation?
Sometimes I want to describe portions of an equation using \underbrace and \overbrace in such a way that the portions are not completely distinct, for example:
/-------\
x = A + B + C + D + E
...
23
votes
4answers
28k views
How can I change the font size in math equations?
I find that whenever I'm typing some equations into a document, and the equation gets a bit complex (let's say a fraction in a parentheses, squared, inside a square root, inside a fraction), the ...
22
votes
3answers
2k views
What are the differences between $$, \[, align, equation and displaymath?
I once learnt, that it is uncool to use $$, but why is that? Why does \[ not act as a abbreviation to \begin{align}? I noticed, that there is a difference, since one cannot use & and \\ inside a ...
22
votes
1answer
292 views
Does \\ in the last line of an array have any effect?
Consider the following example:
\begin{array}{l}
line 1 \\
line 2 \\
\end{array}
Is the \\ in the last line completely optional or are there circumstances under which it has any effect?
21
votes
10answers
992 views
Best typesetting of formula
Consider the following example.
Code
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\newcommand*\mathsetfont{\mathbf}
\newcommand*\DeclareMathSet[1]{%
\expandafter\newcommand\csname ...
21
votes
5answers
2k views
Multicol layout for systems of (linear) equations
How can a similar arrangement be archived (with ams*, aligned, multicol, etc)
1.2.3 Solve the following system of equations:
a) x - 2y - 4z = 1 b) -23x + 43y = 22
3x - ...
20
votes
3answers
4k views
How to get only one vertically centered equation number in align environment with two equations
sorry if this has been answered before, I couldn't find anything through search. I'm sure its a common problem though.
What I have are two equations with align and I want one single equation number ...
20
votes
2answers
2k views
Table of Equations
I've looked around for this, and haven't been able to find a satisfactory answer; How would one go about producing (automatically) a table of equations, just a numbered list of used equations, ...
20
votes
1answer
530 views
Highlight equations in a typographically correct manner
I am presenting a model composed of a dozens of equations, some of
them requiring a somewhat lengthy derivation.
The equation that continue the actual model appears progressively
along the derivation ...
19
votes
10answers
1k views
What useful web services are out there?
Looking at this question, I wonder what good and useful web services are out there. For example the LaTeX symbol classifier looks interesting. You can draw a symbol with your mouse and get back the ...
19
votes
4answers
606 views
How to break a long expression in the denominator of a fraction?
I used the split command to break my equation but I receive the error:
! Missing } inserted.
<inserted text>
}
l. \end {split}
The code in .tex file is as follows:
...
19
votes
2answers
3k views
Separate long math text under sum symbol into different lines?
I have the following equation, where there is a lot of stuff under the sum symbol:
\begin{equation}
d(\vec{x},\vec{y})=
\sum_{Z_{xy}\in\vec{Z}_{xy},\forall x\in\vec{x},\forall y\in\vec{y}}
...
19
votes
1answer
276 views
Unicode in the equations: pros and cons
Is there any pros and cons for using of Unicode (and vice versa) in LaTeX equations?
Consider two examples:
\lim_{h→0}∫_{x_0}^{x_0 + h}\frac{f(t)}{h} = f(x_0)
x_0 ⇔ ∀ 𝜀 > 0, ∃ 𝛿 > ...
18
votes
3answers
11k views
Label equation with a symbol
I would like to label an equation with an arbitrary symbol, rather than a number, or letter. Is this possible?
18
votes
2answers
4k views
Highlight an equation within an align environment
I would like to define a command that puts a red box around an equation with yellow highlighting. I have the basics working pretty well. What I am unable to figure out is:
How to keep the alignment ...
18
votes
4answers
548 views
Inserting/Numbering/Labelling/Referencing several times the same equation written in various form
I'm looking for an automatic way in LaTeX to number a same equation that would be inserted several times (under different forms for instance). The output would look something like:
some text
x-y=0 ...
17
votes
4answers
796 views
What to do with this hyperref note on amsmath?
http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/hyperref/ has this note copied below:
amsmath
-------------
The environments equation and eqnarray are not supported too well.
For ...
17
votes
3answers
2k views
Centering \vdots in a system of many equations
I have a system of equations with an arbitrary number of equations (k). I'd like to use \vdots to compactly describe the system, like so:
\begin{align*}
R(-1) &= \sum_{i=1}^m A(i)R(i-1) \\
...
17
votes
2answers
1k views
Typesetting Right-to-Left math
UPDATE:
I've managed to produce something that is aesthetically correct, however with a lot of "hardcoding" and trial and error to manually measure my spaces. Not to mention that I have to write my ...
17
votes
2answers
981 views
Getting a tikz picture to have an equation number
I make a lot of commutative diagrams and am trying to switch to Tikz from amcd,diagrams, etc. I often have to refer to these diagrams in the text and would rather have them as equations (i.e. with and ...
16
votes
2answers
288 views
Colored underbraces for annotating equations
I am trying to implement my previous Powerpoint presentation in beamer.
I have a figure like
I want to create something like this in beamer.
I wrote a equation as follows but I couldn't write the ...
16
votes
4answers
871 views
Sharing alignment between equations in two different items
In the following minimal example, I have two equations inside an itemize environment, with an item per equations. Each equation is defined in its own equation environment.
\documentclass{article}
...
16
votes
1answer
926 views
Does a tool exist which can take a LaTeX equation and convert it to a format suitable for evaluation in Wolfram's Mathematica?
I use LaTeX to type up my homework, but as I work I often need to pop things into Mathematica (or manually type them in, or manually use my Ti-89, etc)
Currently, I've been manually translating ...
16
votes
2answers
5k views
align* but show one equation number at the end
I am using align*, but I still need an equation number. I know one solution is to use align and add \nonumber to all lines but the last. Is there a 'lazy' way to do it?
I searched a little and found ...
16
votes
2answers
426 views
Equation numbers in outer margins on a two-sided document
I'm looking for a two-sided extension to the solution for this question:
Put equation numbers in the sidemargin with Tufte-Latex class
This post seems relevant:
Equation tag in twoside-mode outer
...
16
votes
2answers
2k views
Is there a difference between the `displaymath` and `equation*` environments?
The amsmath documentation says
Basic LaTeX doesn’t provide an equation* environment, but rather a functionally equivalent environment named displaymath.
Are they really the same or is there a ...
16
votes
2answers
464 views
Suppress equation number when not refered to
Is is possible to use only equation or align environments without the * and then automatically suppress the equation number if there is nothing refering to that equation? It would make the LaTeX-life ...
16
votes
1answer
866 views
Changing the apperance of equation numbers with amsmath
For equations in my document, I use the facilities of the amsmath package. In order to make the equation numbers more eye-catching, I want them to be in boldface and a little bit indented to the ...
15
votes
4answers
24k views
How do I turn off equation auto numbering
I have an equation like this:
\begin{align}
P(A \cup B) = \sum_{\omega \in A \cup B} P(\omega) = \sum_{\omega \in A} P(\omega) + \sum_{\omega \in B} P(\omega)
= P(A) + P(B)
...
15
votes
4answers
4k views
Making a new environment combining equation and split
I'm trying to define a new environment that consists of a split environment inside an equation environment. But I'm getting an error. Here's what I'm doing:
\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
...
15
votes
2answers
231 views
How to remove an unwanted white space at the last end of a horizontal curly brace?
You can see there is an unwanted white space at the last term below.
\documentclass[border=12pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
$
...
15
votes
2answers
6k views
Custom equations' names
Do you know ho can i call a reference to an equation using \ref or \eqref and obtain (name of the equation) instead of the standard counter?
Thanks!
15
votes
5answers
2k views
Align two inequalities
I am trying to align two inequlities vertically. The \le signs should have the same horizontal positions and the term in the should be centered. My first attempt:
\begin{align*}
\sum a &\le \sum ...
15
votes
1answer
2k views
Flexible equation, align, multline environment
I'm looking for a command (say \foo{}) or pair of commands (say \foos, \fooe) that behave like:
equation environment if there is no \\ nor &
multline if there is a single \\
align if there are ...
15
votes
2answers
2k views
Should one use thousands separators in equations?
I understand that this is not strictly a TeX question but I have recently been asked to correct an equation presented as the first example in the image below to that of the second example i.e., to use ...
14
votes
4answers
576 views
Good typesetting practice for long equations
I have the following (quite horrible) equation in my thesis:
\begin{align*}
\frac{\partial^2}{\partial t_1^2} f(t_0,t_1) =
( \delta+2t_0+2t_1)^{\alpha( w-t_0+t_1 )-1} \cdot \bigl(
...
14
votes
3answers
38k views
How do you center equations?
I can't seem to center equations without causing some weird formatting problem. The following results in the R being dropped:
\begin{center}
E(R_{i,t})=E(\alpha_i)+E(\beta_{i,F_1 } ...
14
votes
9answers
726 views
Looking for a more appropriate version of \cases
Often-times I find myself wanting to write something like,
That is, a vertical brace followed by a table consisting of three columns, the first and the last are math, aligned where-ever I like, and ...
