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Matrix in matrix can be nested and using the bracket - less matrix environment to keep the columns or rows aligned. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mathtools} \begin{document} \begin{pmatrix} \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \\ \end{pmatrix} & \begin{matrix} 2 \\ 1 \end{matrix} \\ \begin{matrix} 4 & 3 \end{matrix} & 5 ... 0 Here, I \stackinset 2 rules over top of the pmatrix. The syntax is \stackinset{H-anchor}{H-offset}{V-anchor}{V-offset}{inset}{base-image} Below is the MWE, in which I nest two insets. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,stackengine} \stackMath \begin{document} \[ \stackinset{c}{}{c}{1.6\baselineskip}{\rule{4.4\baselineskip}{.4pt}}{% ... 2 Here is a method which uses no big graphics engine with many libraries and dependencies. it uses the pdftex \pdfsavepos primitive, also available in xetex. it uses the LaTeX picture environment to draw the lines at shipout time, with the help of package eso-pic which transforms each page into a LaTeX picture. I observed some conflict with xetex (shifted ... 3 It's very simple with pstricks: put the ordinary content of your equation in a pspicture environment, insert a node at the beginning and end of a row or column, and connect these nodes at the end of the pspicture environment. With the auto-pst-pdf package, it can be compiled with pdflatex, provided you set the --enable-write18 switch (MiKTeX) or ... 3 I'd rather use a placeholder such as \omega for \theta_{1}+ \delta\theta_{1} (change the name according to your needs) and explain it afterwards; in this way, your expression fits in one line, which is a better option here: \documentclass[11pt]{book} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,amsthm, bm} \begin{document} \label{theta} ... 4 I wouldn't push down the left-hand side, so I provide both renderings. \documentclass[11pt]{book} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,amsthm, bm} \begin{document} \label{theta} \begin{bmatrix} x\\ y \end{bmatrix} = \!\begin{aligned} & \left[\begin{matrix} L_{1} + \delta r_{3v} + r_{3v} + \Delta r_{3}^{\circ})\cos(\theta_{1}+ ... 1 For your example, nodes with a monospaced font is sufficient, so you can use something like node[draw,align=center,font=\ttfamily]{imimi\\23451}. That said, a matrix is just a special type of node, so you can actually use node[matrix] {...} in TikZ tree structure. See example below. I also added a simple example of a more manual way of setting things up, ... 2 Use \text to write text within displayed math. However, you'll have to handle the spacing inside the \text command, since spacing is ignored in math mode. Also, you'd want to move the final period inside the display math, to prevent it from appearing on a new line. A = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}\text{ and } B = \begin{bmatrix} ... 3 You probably want (amsmath package is used): \[ A = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix} \text{ and }B = \begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 \\ 0& 0 \end{bmatrix}

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Better look out you can obtain with use aligned instead of `split. Deficiency of it use is position of equation number. It is aligned with the first line in aligned enivironment: I code below I removed all unnecessary things. For adjusting brackets I (by trial) put \; before it in the first line. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath} ...

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You can use for this purpose tikz with matrix library. In this case you can draw arrows simply from cell to another with \draw[->](A-n-p)--(A-m-q); where A is the name of matrix, n and P represent row number and column number of starting cell. \documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{matrix} \begin{document} ...

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Since you load the array package, there is another method for slightly increasing row height of the matrix automatically. You just add \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2} within your environment to increase the height by about 20%. I agree with egreg on the rest of changes he made. \documentclass{scrreprt} \usepackage{amsmath,bm} \usepackage{array} ...

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For such small fractions, I recommend just \bigl and \bigr, instead of \left and \right, which would choose \Big size that's too large. There's no need to cover all symbols in between. You can increase the separation between rows with \\[1ex] or so. Always use \sin and \cos for the functions; also I added bm that's recommended for \boldsymbol (and can be ...

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The \pmatrix command you're using is foreign to LaTeX and it's directly imported from plain TeX, so it doesn't use the general framework of LaTeX arrays. You should load the amsmath that provides the pmatrix environment, which uses the general framework. \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \begin{document} A = \begingroup % ...

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Here I use a TABstack. The intercolumn gap is settable, here to 2pt. The interrow baselineskip may also be set with \setstackgap{L}{<length>}. \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{tabstackengine} \setstackEOL{\cr} \begin{document} \setstacktabbedgap{2pt} A = \parenMatrixstack{ A & B & \dots & C & D & E ...

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At first, I propose to use the newer environment pmatrix, instead of \pmatrix{}. The etoolbox package can give you a solution: \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{amsmath,etoolbox} \AtBeginEnvironment{pmatrix}{\setlength{\arraycolsep}{20pt}} \begin{document} \begin{pmatrix} A & B & \dots & C & D & E & \dots ...

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It is due to the inner ysep of nodes. If you make them 0, then the delimiters are of correct height but the horizontal space between rows will look ugly. This can be corrected by specifying a suitable row sep for the matrix. In the same manner the inner xsep can be made 0 too and column sep be adjusted. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz} ...

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Here I show it with TABstacks. I show in the preamble how one can set the inter-column gap, the inter-row baselineskip and the column alignment. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tabstackengine} \setstacktabbedgap{1.5ex}% sets gap between columns \setstackgap{L}{1.2\normalbaselineskip}% sets baselineskip of rows \def\stackalignment{c}% ...

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You can use the bmatrix environment to get a matrix with brackets whose height depends only on the number of rows. \begin{equation*} % \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \\ \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x_{1} \\ x_{2} \\ \end{bmatrix} = \begin{bmatrix} b_{1} \\ b_{2} \\ \end{bmatrix} \end{equation*} For a few common ...

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