verbatim and CJK

Question

I'm not familiar with chinese characters and fonts. But I have to type some characters into a document. XeLaTeX may be an option, but I'm looking for a solution with pdflatex. Here is my MWE, which I created with the help of other questions and answers:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{CJKutf8}
\begin{document}
\begin{CJK*}{UTF8}{gbsn}
中華人民共和國

ABC-1234
\begin{verbatim}
中華人民共和國
ABC-1234
\end{verbatim}
\end{CJK*}
\end{document}

I have two questions:

1. Is there a monospace font for chinese characters available for using in verbatim environments with same size than latin characters (I'm using MacTeX/TeXLive 2012)?
2. Why are not all 7 chinese symbols in the resulted pdf?

Answer 1

1. The ASCII characters ABC... are usually typeset as halfwidth characters while Chinese characters (汉字，　ＡＢＣ．．．) are typeset as fullwidth characters. See also Halfwidth and fullwidth forms.

   Hence, a solution is to convert the ASCII characters to fullwidth ones in Unicode. You might write your own converter or use a website like http://kiserai.net/hwfw.pl

2. There are two writing systems for Chinese characters: the traditional and the simplified system. The characters 華 and 國 belong to the traditional characters, while the others can be used in both systems. Unfortunately, there is no one-to-one mapping between traditional characters and simplified ones. Several traditional characters can be mapped to one simplified one.

   Hence, when using a CJK environment you also need to decide which writing system, i.e., which font to use: gbsn and gkai are fonts with simplified characters, while bsmi and bkai are fonts with traditional characters. See also Problems of traditional and simplified Chinese characters and CJK environment and Chinese

Here is the code of the above picture:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{CJKutf8}
\begin{document}
\begin{CJK}{UTF8}{bsmi}
中華人民共和國

ABC-1234
\begin{verbatim}
中華人民共和國
ＡＢＣ－１２３
４
\end{verbatim}
\end{CJK}
\end{document}

Answer 2

This makes all the ascii characters twice their normal width, I thought that would make them exactly line up but it seems to be drifting slightly, an alternative would be 2o replace 2\noexpand\width by a fixed with pre-calculated to be the width of the CJK characters in the verbatim font. It doesn't work as written if there are accented characters or other half width characters out of the ASCII range.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{CJKutf8}
\usepackage{verbatim}
\makeatletter
\def\verbatim@processline{%
\edef\tmp{\expandafter\cjkpad\the\verbatim@line\relax}
\tmp}

\def\cjkpad#1{%
\ifx\relax#1\par
\else
\ifnum\expandafter`\noexpand#1<128 %
\noexpand\makebox[2\noexpand\width]{\noexpand#1}%
\else
\noexpand#1%
\fi
\expandafter\cjkpad
\fi}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{CJK*}{UTF8}{bsmi}

\makeatletter

中華人民共和國

ABC-1234


\begin{verbatim}
中華人民共和國
ABC-1234
\end{verbatim}
\end{CJK*}
\end{document}

Answer 3

% UTF-8 encoding
% Compile with XeLaTeX
\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{xeCJK}

% Specify a Chinese font that contains all characters you need.
\setCJKmainfont{SimSun}

\begin{document}
中華人民共和國

ABC-1234

A fullwidth character is twice as wide as a halfwidth character:
\begin{verbatim}
|中華人民共和國|
|ABC-1234......|
\end{verbatim}
\end{document}