See the difference bettween per-mode=fraction
and per-mode=symbol
.
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{siunitx}
\begin{document}
\[ \frac{x}{\SI[per-mode=fraction]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\[ \frac{x}{\SI[per-mode=symbol]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\[ \textstyle \frac{x}{\SI[per-mode=symbol-or-fraction]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\[ \displaystyle \frac{x}{\SI[per-mode=symbol-or-fraction]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\[ \frac{x}{\SI[per-mode=symbol-or-fraction]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\[ \frac{x}{\displaystyle\SI[per-mode=symbol-or-fraction]{4}{\m\per\degree}} \]
\end{document}

In fact, in the last two equations, \per
should be printed as fraction
, like the siunitx
manual (bottom of p. 41) points out:
Setting per-mode to symbol-or-fraction will use the symbol setting for
in line math, and the fraction setting when used in \displaystyle
math.
There is probably a bug or an omission of some option.