The short answer is: No.
This may be the reason that you find the answer in the linked post unsatisfactory.
To be a little more precise one has to mention that efforts are beeing made to bridge LaTeX and ConTeXt. Namely there is the LaTeX module for ConTeXt that tries to achieve exactly this. But, it is not fully developed as the description states:
This directory contains the rough beginnings of a LaTeX compatibility module for ConTeXt – essentially a complete reimplementation of the LaTeX kernel to operate within ConTeXt. The focus, at present, is on code that will allow excerpts from LaTeX documents to work in ConTeXt documents; having ConTeXt compile complete LaTeX documents will come later, if at all. (I do hope to have package loading working at some point, though, at least for some packages.) You should expect this code to be buggy. You should expect it to occasionally fail to play nice with ConTeXt, in ways that I haven't yet documented because I haven't yet discovered them. You should expect to find it incomplete, sometimes exceptionally so. Hopefully, you may also find it useful.
Furthermore there are a few ports as for instance the TypeArea module -- a reimplementation of KOMA's typearea package. You may test this example file (with mkii, after installing the module and updating with mktexlsr):
\setupoutput[pdftex]
\setupbodyfont[plr,11pt]
\enableregime[utf]
\usemodule[typearea]
\setupTypeArea[bcor=0mm,alphabets=3.1]
\starttext
\title{Testing typearea}
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\stoptext
However, summed up we are far away from beeing able to use LaTeX packages extensively in ConTeXt. That's why I consider your question to be answered negatively in short.
Here are a few concluding thoughts: Though ConTeXt allows modules to extend its functionality it was designed to be a rock solid macro package alternative to LaTeX that does (nearly) everything by itself. This alredy implies that a few things that LaTeX was able to do had been left out, and more important: future things to come (in LaTeX) would most likely not make their way into ConTeXt. I think the comment from @egreg to the OP explains that best: "Can you use gasoline for a diesel engine?" The two programs in question differ too much in their design and their aim, so a proper LaTeX virtual machine for ConTeXt would be needed indeed as @UlrikeFischer also noted.
So much for the official part. What you can actually do -- though I strongly recommend not to for several reasons --, is to reimplement the desired features using Plain TeX (with the e-TeX extension if needed), store those features in one or several .tex files somewhere in your local tree of your distro and to \input them into your ConTeXt file when you want to use them. This shouldn't cause harm in most of the cases, but I can't guarantee it, which is one of the reasons why I wouldn't recommend this procedure. Moreover the solution isn't portable and in my eyes it's just too much work for too little benefit. Better use diesel fuel only... (and ask TeX.SX if it is not clear how to use it exactly. I think we have some great engeneers among us ;)
