# Alignment issue?

I am trying to align the 2 equals signs and the minus sign at the beginning of each line of the following code, but no matter what I do, it won't work.

$C_{n}$  = $\dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}$ $\displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{ix({1-n})}\ dx$ $- \dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}$ $\displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{{-ix}({1+n})}\ dx$

\bigskip $= \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi - \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac{2xie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \ dx \Bigg]$

\bigskip $- \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n+1)x}}{n+1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi - \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac {2xie^{-i(n+1)x}} {n+1} \ dx \Bigg]$


There are probably better ways to do this, by completely restructuring your answer in terms of an align environment (see below), but this answer has the least "impact" on your original attempt. In essence, I add a \phantom to the beginning of the 2nd and 3rd lines.

\documentclass{letter}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
$C_{n}$  = $\dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}$ $\displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{ix({1-n})}\ dx$ $- \dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}$ $\displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{{-ix}({1+n})}\ dx$

\bigskip $\phantom{C_{n}} = \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi - \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac{2xie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \ dx \Bigg]$

\bigskip $\phantom{C_{n}} - \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n+1)x}}{n+1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi - \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac {2xie^{-i(n+1)x}} {n+1} \ dx \Bigg]$
\end{document}


Here is a way to do it with align:

\documentclass{letter}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
\begin{align}
C_{n} &=  \dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}  \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{ix({1-n})}\ dx  - \dfrac{1}{4\pi{i}}  \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} x^2e^{{-ix}({1+n})}\ dx
\\[2ex]
&= \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi -  \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac{2xie^{-i(n-1)x}}{n-1} \ dx \Bigg]
\\[2ex]
&- \dfrac{1}{4\pi i}\Bigg[ \bigg[\dfrac {x^2ie^{-i(n+1)x}}{n+1} \bigg]_{-\pi}^\pi -  \displaystyle\int^\pi_{-\pi} \dfrac {2xie^{-i(n+1)x}} {n+1} \ dx \Bigg]
\end{align}
\end{document}