biblatex biber to \bibitem

Question

I am a LaTeX really entusiastic newbie. Thus I am writing all my reports and articles using this wonderful tool. Unfortunately the editors of scientific review do not all have the same entusiasm concerning LaTeX. I plan to submit my future paper in the ICES Journal of Science which (fortunately or not) has a kind of LaTeX template available online (http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/icesjms/ices.zip) and guidelines available here (http://www.oxfordjournals.org/for_authors/latex.html).

My main problem is concerning bibliography. In all my writing I use biblatex with in the preamble:

\usepackage[style=authoryear,
firstinits=true,
uniquename=false,
uniquelist=false,
maxcitenames=2,
maxbibnames=7,
backend=biber]{biblatex}.

In the text I call citation using \autocite, \textcite, \citeauthor and \citeyear.

As requested by the journal I tried to convert my bibliography into a \bibitem list. I went to check the .bbl file as advised online but the structure seemed really complicated and nowhere \bibitem was mentionned. I found online some method that I managed to make work in my case by creating a dummy .tex file:

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
sdryfj
\bibliography{BIB.testbib.bib}
\bibliographystyle{plain}
\cite{NumR}
\end{document}

I run some compilation and got a .bbl file with \bibitems list. I thought I was seeing the end of it and paste this list in thebibliography environment at the end of my document.

Unfortunately all my citations references (\autocite etc..) seems to not be compatible with this different way of bibliography input. In addition, all the references are printed cited or not....

I was wondering if there is a way to reach the same results directly from biber biblatex so I would not have to modify my document too much...

Thank you for your help,

Xochitl C.

PS: I also tried to redefine commands like this but it did not work:

\renewcommand{\autocite}{\cite}

\renewcommand{\citeauthor}{\cite}

\renewcommand{\citeyear}{\cite}

\renewcommand{\textcite}{\cite}

Answer 1

I have found a somewhat more or less complex workaround, which I hope helps you at least a little bit. Consider this MWE, I will call main.tex

\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@BOOK{testA,
author = {A. Uthor},
title = {A title},
year = {2014},
publisher = {A Company}
}
@BOOK{testB,
author = {B. Uthor},
title = {B title},
year = {2014},
publisher = {B Company}
}
@BOOK{testC,
author = {C. Uthor},
title = {C title},
year = {2014},
publisher = {C Company}
}
@BOOK{testD,
author = {D. Uthor},
title = {D title},
year = {2014},
publisher = {D Company}
}
\end{filecontents}

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[style=authoryear,
            firstinits=true,
            uniquename=false,
            uniquelist=false,
            maxcitenames=2,
            maxbibnames=7,
            backend=biber]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}

\begin{document}
Initial order in the bib file was A, B, C and D.

We will cite D\cite{testD} first, then A\cite{testA} and B\cite{testB} and C not at all.

You can refer to A\cite{testA} again.

    \printbibliography
\end{document}

This will result in

I will assume your document will compile without error, so you can run the following command:

biber --output_format=bibtex main[.bcf]

This will create a file main_biber.bib in which all references are sorted according to the biblatex style you chose. Compare here.

Then create the following dummy.tex file:

\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\nocite{*}
\bibliography{main_biber.bib}
\bibliographystyle{unsrt}
\end{document}

Note: main_biber.bib was created automagically. Use unsrt to keep the order created by biber. See here.

Run the following commands: pdflatex dummy; bibtex dummy

Please see also here.

This will create a file dummy.bbl in the bibitem format. Clean your initial main.tex of all biblatex stuff and append dummy.bbl. For convenience this will be called newmain.tex and should look like this:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}

\begin{document}
Initial order in the bib file was A, B, C and D.

We will cite D\cite{testD} first, then A\cite{testA} and B\cite{testB} and C not at all.

You can refer to A\cite{testA} again.

\begin{thebibliography}{1}

\bibitem{testD}
D.~Uthor.
\newblock {\em D title}.
\newblock D Company, 2014.

\bibitem{testA}
A.~Uthor.
\newblock {\em A title}.
\newblock A Company, 2014.

\bibitem{testB}
B.~Uthor.
\newblock {\em B title}.
\newblock B Company, 2014.

\end{thebibliography}

\end{document}

It will then change to a numerical citation order, but I think that will be dealt with by the journal editors. Run pdflatex (at least twice) and you will obtain:

Your document should then be ready for submission.

Answer 2

In support of the accepted answer, I just wanted to add a test file for reference.

Basically, a bibliography can be compiled either with "plain" bibtex, or with biblatex with bibtex backend, or with biblatex with biber backend. In all three cases a .bbl file is produced - but in all three cases the format of the .bbl file is different!

\bibitem occurs in the .bbl file only when "plain" bibtex is used. (biblatex uses \entry, \strng, \field etc)

In this particular test file, there is no difference in (pdf) output between backends when biblatex is used - but there is a slight difference (e.g. quotation marks and capitalization in title, the "In:" ...) between the "plain" bibtex (left) and biblatex outputs (right, click for full res):

The test file is this, let's call it bibtest.tex:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{filecontents}
\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}

@book{smith1,
  author={John Smith and Mike Someone},
  title={The book with a very very very very very long title},
  year={2006},
  location={New York},
  publisher={Publisher},
}

@article{audactor2005pflanzen,
  title = {Wie Pflanzen hören... die Geheimnisse der Sonobotanik},
  author = {Prof. Dr. Hortensia Audactor},
  journal = {Draft: \url{http://www.inventionen.de/2005/sonobotanik.html}},
  year = {2005}
}

\end{filecontents*}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenx}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{hyperref}

% btype: 1: bibtex ; 2: biblatex+bibtex ; 3: biblatex+biber
\ifx\btype\undefined %
  \def\btype{1} %
\fi
\ifnum\btype=2 %
  \usepackage[url=true,backend=bibtex]{biblatex} %
  \bibliography{\jobname} %
\fi
\ifnum\btype=3 %
  \usepackage[url=true,backend=biber]{biblatex} %
  \bibliography{\jobname} %
\fi

\begin{document}

Just testing the bibliography: the book \cite{smith1}, and the article \cite{audactor2005pflanzen}.

\ifnum\btype=1 %
  \bibliographystyle{plain}         % Style BST file
  \bibliography{\jobname}           % Bibliography file ('*.bib' )
\else % \btype=2 or 3
  %\bibliography{\jobname}           % for biblatex, only in preamble!
  \printbibliography %
\fi

\end{document}

% clean: rm $(ls --hide=*.tex)

Here are the steps and results of the compilation:

1. plain bibtex

# \btype=1
pdflatex bibtest.tex  # creates: .aux, .bib, .log, .out, .pdf
bibtex bibtest        # creates: .bbl, .blg
pdflatex bibtest.tex
pdflatex bibtest.tex

The produced bibtest.bbl file is:

\begin{thebibliography}{1}

\bibitem{audactor2005pflanzen}
Prof. Dr.~Hortensia Audactor.
\newblock Wie pflanzen hören... die geheimnisse der sonobotanik.
\newblock {\em Draft: \url{http://www.inventionen.de/2005/sonobotanik.html}},
  2005.

\bibitem{smith1}
John Smith and Mike Someone.
\newblock {\em The book with a very very very very very long title}.
\newblock Publisher, 2006.

\end{thebibliography}

2. biblatex and backend bibtex

pdflatex "\def\btype{2}\input{bibtest.tex}" # creates: .aux, .bib, -blx.bib, .log, .out, .pdf, .run.xml
bibtex bibtest                              # creates: .bbl, .blg
pdflatex "\def\btype{2}\input{bibtest.tex}" # biblatex Warning: Data encoding is 'utf8'. Use backend=biber.

The produced bibtest.bbl file is:

% $ biblatex auxiliary file $
% $ biblatex version 1.7 $
% Do not modify the above lines!
%
% This is an auxiliary file used by the 'biblatex' package.
% This file may safely be deleted. It will be recreated as
% required.
%
\begingroup
\makeatletter
\@ifundefined{[email protected]}
  {\@latex@error
     {Missing 'biblatex' package}
     {The bibliography requires the 'biblatex' package.}
      \aftergroup\endinput}
  {}
\endgroup

\entry{audactor2005pflanzen}{article}{}
  \name{author}{1}{}{%
    {{}%
     {Audactor}{A.}%
     {Prof. Dr.~Hortensia}{P.~D.~H.}%
     {}{}%
     {}{}}%
  }
  \strng{namehash}{APDH1}
  \strng{fullhash}{APDH1}
  \field{sortinit}{A}
  \field{title}{Wie Pflanzen hören... die Geheimnisse der Sonobotanik}
  \field{journaltitle}{Draft:
  \url{http://www.inventionen.de/2005/sonobotanik.html}}
  \field{year}{2005}
\endentry

\entry{smith1}{book}{}
  \name{author}{2}{}{%
    {{}%
     {Smith}{S.}%
     {John}{J.}%
     {}{}%
     {}{}}%
    {{}%
     {Someone}{S.}%
     {Mike}{M.}%
     {}{}%
     {}{}}%
  }
  \list{publisher}{1}{%
    {Publisher}%
  }
  \strng{namehash}{SJSM1}
  \strng{fullhash}{SJSM1}
  \field{sortinit}{S}
  \field{title}{The book with a very very very very very long title}
  \list{location}{1}{%
    {New York}%
  }
  \field{year}{2006}
\endentry

\lossort
\endlossort

\endinput

2. biblatex and backend biber

pdflatex "\def\btype{3}\input{bibtest.tex}" # creates: .aux, .bcf, .bib, .log, .out, .pdf, .run.xml
LANG=en_US.UTF-8 biber bibtest              # creates: .bbl, .blg
pdflatex "\def\btype{3}\input{bibtest.tex}"

The produced bibtest.bbl file is:

% $ biblatex auxiliary file $
% $ biblatex version 1.7 $
% $ biber version 0.9.9 $
% Do not modify the above lines!
%
% This is an auxiliary file used by the 'biblatex' package.
% This file may safely be deleted. It will be recreated by
% biber or bibtex as required.
%
\begingroup
\makeatletter
\@ifundefined{[email protected]}
  {\@latex@error
     {Missing 'biblatex' package}
     {The bibliography requires the 'biblatex' package.}
      \aftergroup\endinput}
  {}
\endgroup


\refsection{0}
  \entry{audactor2005pflanzen}{article}{}
    \name{labelname}{1}{}{%
      {{hash=1d15dc798dec1fd384ab9a796ebab9f5}{Audactor}{A\bibinitperiod}{Prof.\bibnamedelimi Dr.\bibnamedelimi Hortensia}{P\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim D\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim H\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
    }
    \name{author}{1}{}{%
      {{hash=1d15dc798dec1fd384ab9a796ebab9f5}{Audactor}{A\bibinitperiod}{Prof.\bibnamedelimi Dr.\bibnamedelimi Hortensia}{P\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim D\bibinitperiod\bibinitdelim H\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
    }
    \strng{namehash}{1d15dc798dec1fd384ab9a796ebab9f5}
    \strng{fullhash}{1d15dc798dec1fd384ab9a796ebab9f5}
    \field{sortinit}{A}
    \field{journaltitle}{Draft: \url{http://www.inventionen.de/2005/sonobotanik.html}}
    \field{title}{Wie Pflanzen hören... die Geheimnisse der Sonobotanik}
    \field{year}{2005}
  \endentry

  \entry{smith1}{book}{}
    \name{labelname}{2}{}{%
      {{hash=5d0ddda3a367ceb26fbaeca02e391c22}{Smith}{S\bibinitperiod}{John}{J\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
      {{hash=51e9bdc59ecfdbdb5cf9ee7ecd37d83f}{Someone}{S\bibinitperiod}{Mike}{M\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
    }
    \name{author}{2}{}{%
      {{hash=5d0ddda3a367ceb26fbaeca02e391c22}{Smith}{S\bibinitperiod}{John}{J\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
      {{hash=51e9bdc59ecfdbdb5cf9ee7ecd37d83f}{Someone}{S\bibinitperiod}{Mike}{M\bibinitperiod}{}{}{}{}}%
    }
    \list{location}{1}{%
      {New York}%
    }
    \list{publisher}{1}{%
      {Publisher}%
    }
    \strng{namehash}{bdb6caeb721d71d176dbc1db99a48c69}
    \strng{fullhash}{bdb6caeb721d71d176dbc1db99a48c69}
    \field{sortinit}{S}
    \field{title}{The book with a very very very very very long title}
    \field{year}{2006}
  \endentry

\endrefsection
\endinput