You can use columns
only for first item and close it before the second item.
Next code shows the solution. I has a little problem, columns
don't use the complete \linewidth
, first one is .65\linewidth
and second .25\linewidth
in order to align first and second item symbols. I think I've read something about this problem somewhere but I don't remember where now. If I find it I'll explain the solution.
\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Dresden}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{Solution}
\begin{columns}
\column{.65\linewidth}
\begin{itemize}
\item Here I want some text with an image to the right, all in the same item
\end{itemize}
\column{.25\linewidth}
\rule{.2\linewidth}{.2\linewidth}
\end{columns}
\begin{itemize}
\item Some more text here that is long enough to continue bellow the image
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}

Update
The reference I was looking for is provide more usable columns environment, an issue discussion in beamer's github place.
My conclusion is: it's safer to use totalwidth
option to columns environment if you want to avoid problems with intercolumns spaces and margins. And more important: don't confuse \linewidth
with \textwidth
as I did in previous example.
\documentclass{beamer}
\usetheme{Dresden}
\begin{document}
\begin{frame}{Solution}
\begin{columns}[onlytextwidth] %<---
\column{.7\textwidth} %<---
\begin{itemize}
\item Here I want some text with an image to the right, all in the same item
\end{itemize}
\column{.3\textwidth} %<---
\rule{.2\linewidth}{.2\linewidth}
\end{columns}
\begin{itemize}
\item Some more text here that is long enough to continue bellow the image
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}
\end{document}