PDF figure not scaled in PDFLaTeX

Question

I use pdflatex in order to use microtype. However, I have to import pdf figures and not eps. The problem is that the scale option seems to be ignored because in the pdf file I see the figure in the original size.

\documentclass[a4paper,11pt,twoside,showtrim,openright,titlepage]{memoir}
\usepackage{footnote}
\usepackage{graphicx}
% MICROTYPE
\usepackage[tracking=true,letterspace=-10]{microtype}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\DeclareMicrotypeAlias{lmss}{cmr}
\DisableLigatures{encoding = T1, family = tt*}
\SetTracking{shape = sc}{10}
\SetTracking{encoding = *}{100}
\usepackage{hyphenat}

\begin{document}
  \begin{figure*}[th]
    \centering
    \includegraphics[scale=0.20]{foto/Mad1.pdf}
    \thispagestyle{empty}
  \end{figure*}
\end{document}

[EDIT]

I tried all suggestions, also that in the accepted answer, but I confirm that it does not work. Moreover, the scale option is creepy: the image position is strange and difficult to understand why.

Answer 1

If an EPS file is converted with ps2pdf, the result is usually a PDF file with a full page, because EPS files are not allowed to change the media size. Therefore it is better to use option -dEPSCrop:

ps2pdf -dEPSCrop Mad1.eps

Then ghostscript will look at a comment %%BoundingBox to set the media size. Alternatively, epstopdf can be used that does a similar job and calls ghostscript:

epstopdf Mad1.eps

If the bounding box is not correctly recorded by the comment and white margins are left, then they can be removed with pdfcrop:

pdfcrop Mad1.pdf

The result is Mad1-crop.pdf.

At LaTeX level, you can check for white margins by putting the image inside \fbox:

{\setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}\fbox{\includegraphics[scale=.2]{Mad1.pdf}}}