Getting commutative diagrams in TikZ to work

Question

I'm new to making documents in LaTeX, though I've used just math mode for a while. I've installed texlive-core via texlive-most from the Arch repositories and rendered a few basic documents. However, when I try to render this (taken verbatim from here):

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \matrix (m) [matrix of math nodes,row sep=3em,column sep=4em,minimum width=2em] {
     F_t(x) & F(x) \\
     A_t & A \\};
  \path[-stealth]
    (m-1-1) edge node [left] {$\mathcal{B}_X$} (m-2-1)
            edge [double] node [below] {$\mathcal{B}_t$} (m-1-2)
    (m-2-1.east|-m-2-2) edge node [below] {$\mathcal{B}_T$} node [above] {$\exists$} (m-2-2)
    (m-1-2) edge node [right] {$\mathcal{B}_T$} (m-2-2)
            edge [dashed,-] (m-2-1);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

I don't see any of the lines or arrows – just F_t(x), F(x), some letters written over each other, A_t and A in a roughly rectangular shape:

And here's the log file, in which there seem to be no errors or warnings:

This is pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.5-1.40.14 (TeX Live 2013/Arch Linux) (format=latex 2014.6.30)  30 JUN 2014 22:39
entering extended mode
 restricted \write18 enabled.
 %&-line parsing enabled.
**comdia.tex
(./comdia.tex
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) (./comdia.aux)
\openout1 = `comdia.aux'.

LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 4.
LaTeX Font Info:    ... okay on input line 4.
 ABD: EveryShipout initializing macros
LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size
(Font)              <7> on input line 7.
LaTeX Font Info:    External font `cmex10' loaded for size
(Font)              <5> on input line 7.
 [1

]
(./comdia.aux) ) 
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
 10425 strings out of 493309
 216369 string characters out of 6143642
 250129 words of memory out of 5000000
 13741 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
 3640 words of font info for 14 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
 957 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
 55i,12n,70p,410b,787s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s

Output written on comdia.dvi (1 page, 9056 bytes).

I've heard that TikZ shouldn't be installed directly, but it's obviously not working properly. What should I do?

Answer 1

Just in order to close this post:

Here is your diagram drawn with help of the package tikz-cd. You should compile this directly with pdfLaTeX.

% arara: pdflatex

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\tikzcdset{arrow style=tikz,
diagrams={>=stealth}}
\begin{document}
\[
\begin{tikzcd}
     F_t(x) \arrow[double, swap, "\mathcal{B}_t"]{r} \arrow[swap, "\mathcal{B}_X"]{d} & F(x) \arrow["\mathcal{B}_T"]{d} \\
     A_t \arrow{r}[swap]{\mathcal{B}_T}{\exists} \arrow[dash, dashed]{ur}& A \\
\end{tikzcd}
\]
\end{document}