I'm writing my Ph.D. thesis and I'm using a format that a colleague of mine gave me. I noticed a strange situation:
there are all around blocks of text that I separate with \\
only. Anyway, on pdf output, I get that some newline are larger than others.
For example, this one has a normal newline:
...individuals' satisfaction degree. \\
A pioneering and well-known model depicting such situation...
while this other one has a very large newline (wrong or unwanted behavior):
...even though they have been conceived in different ways.\\
Even though there is a plenty of works studying ...
These two newlines are defined in the same ways. The code you see is exactly a copy-and-paste from my tex. I don't know where to start in order to understand what I'm doing wrongly.
Addition 1 Hereafter you find the master tex file:
\documentclass[12pt,makeidx]{phdthesis}
\usepackage{a4wide}
\usepackage{appendix}
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{avant}
\usepackage{makeidx}
\makeindex
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage{fancyheadings}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{amsfonts}
\usepackage{amstext}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{enumitem}
%%% General page formatting %%%%
\addtolength{\textwidth}{-0.6in} %-0.6
\addtolength{\evensidemargin}{0.3in} %0.3
\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{0.3in} %0.3
%\addtolength{\topmargin}{1.00in}
%\addtolength{\textheight}{2.00in}
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.01}
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.99}
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.99}
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.99}
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{1.2}
\newcommand{\Complex}{\mathbb{C}}
\newcommand{\Real}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\Integer}{\mathbb{Z}}
\newcommand{\Natural}{\mathbb{N}}
\newcommand{\Endproof}{$\hfill\square$}
\newcommand{\needcite}{{\color{red}[\textbf{Citation needed}]}}
\newcommand{\bs}[1]{\boldsymbol{#1}}
\newcommand{\todo}[1]{{\color{red}[\textbf{TODO: }#1]}}
\newcommand{\edited}{\color{MidnightBlue}}
\newtheorem{Theorem}{Theorem}
\newtheorem{Corollary}{Corollary}
\begin{document}
\pagestyle{fancyplain}
\pagenumbering{roman}
%% create the table of contents
\cleardoublepage
\lhead[]{\fancyplain{}{\rightmark}}
\chead[\fancyplain{}{}]{\fancyplain{}{}}
\rhead[\fancyplain{}{\leftmark}]{\fancyplain{}{}}
%\rhead[\fancyplain{}{}]{\fancyplain{}{}}
%\lhead[\fancyplain{}{}]{\fancyplain{}{}}
\begin{center}
{\huge My thesis}
\end{center}
\tableofcontents
\include{src/lop} % list of publications of author
\cleardoublepage
\newcommand{\publ}{}
\pagestyle{fancyplain}
%\setlength{\headrulewidth}{0.3pt}
%\setlength{\footrulewidth}{0.0pt}
%\setlength{\plainfootrulewidth}{0.0pt}
%\setlength{\plainheadrulewidth}{0pt}
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\it \thesection.\ #1}}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\it \thechapter.\ #1}{}}
\lhead[\thepage]{\fancyplain{\publ}{\rightmark}}
\chead[\fancyplain{}{}]{\fancyplain{}{}}
\rhead[\fancyplain{}{\leftmark}]{\fancyplain{}{\thepage}}
\lfoot[]{} \cfoot[]{} \rfoot[]{}
%------------------------------
\include{src/intro}
\include{src/game/game}
%\include{src/eeg}
%\include{src/bio/bio}
%% Include the bibliography
%\renewcommand{\publ}{}
\cleardoublepage
\small
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Bibliografy}
%\bibliography{Biblio_PhDThesis}
\include{src/biblio}
%% Include the index
\cleardoublepage
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Index}
\printindex
\end{document}
\\
to end a paragraph. That is not its purpose. If you are referring to "blank" vertical space between paragraphs, there are a number of reasons why this might occur and there are ways to solve it. But it is impossible to do so reliably before you give us some complete, but minimal code that demonstrates the problem.\raggedbottom
to the preamble.Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 8--20
note 10000 is infinitely bad these are probably all generated by the misuse of\\
and it has oneUnderfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active []
which means that one vertical box can't be set correctly and will be over-stretched.