A call to \section
steps the section
counter before setting the actual title. So, using something like
\setcounter{section}{5}
\section{A section}% 6
will print the section as 6 A section, rather than perhaps a more intuitive 5 A section. The same goes for a subsection. So, if you want a specific sectional unit to have a number X, you can set it before that sectional unit to X-1:
\documentclass{article}
\begin{document}
\section{First}% 1
\addtocounter{section}{7}
\section{Second}% 8
\setcounter{section}{13}
\section{Third}% 14
\setcounter{subsection}{3}
\subsection{First subsection}% 14.4
\subsection{Second subsection}% 14.5
\end{document}
The only counter that doesn't work like this is the page
counter, as it starts at 1
and is stepped after the page is constructed.
\addtocounter{subsection}{3}
\documentclass{article} \begin{document} \setcounter{section}{13} \section{First} \setcounter{subsection}{3} \subsection{First} \subsection{Second} \end{document}
?