This code is building from the post found here.
In my MWE given below:
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{background}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{ifthen}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\pagestyle{plain}
% background common settings
\SetBgScale{1}
\SetBgAngle{0}
\SetBgOpacity{1}
\SetBgContents{}
% auxiliary counter
\newcounter{chapshift}
\addtocounter{chapshift}{-1}
% the list of colors to be used (add more if needed)
\newcommand\BoxColor{%
\ifcase\thechapshift blue!30\or red!30\or olive!30\or magenta!30\else yellow!30\fi}
% the main command; the mandatory argument sets the color of the vertical box
\makeatletter
\newcommand\ChapFrame{%
\AddEverypageHook{%
\ifthenelse{\isodd{\thepage}}
{\SetBgContents{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\node[fill=\BoxColor,inner sep=0pt,rectangle,text width=1cm,
text height=4cm,align=center,anchor=north east]
at ($ (current page.north east) + (-0cm,-2*\thechapshift cm) $)
{\rotatebox{90}{\hspace*{.8cm}\parbox[c][.3cm][t]{3.4cm}{%
\raggedright\textcolor{black}{\scshape\leftmark}}}};
\end{tikzpicture}}%
}
{\SetBgContents{%
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\node[fill=\BoxColor,inner sep=0pt,rectangle,text width=1cm,
text height=4cm,align=center,anchor=north west]
at ($ (current page.north west) + (-0cm,-2*\thechapshift cm) $)
{\rotatebox{90}{\hspace*{.8cm}\parbox[c][.3cm][t]{3.4cm}{%
\raggedright\textcolor{black}{\scshape\leftmark}}}};
\end{tikzpicture}}
}
\bg@material}%
\stepcounter{chapshift}
}
\makeatother
% redefinition of \chaptermark to contain only the title
\renewcommand\chaptermark[1]{\markboth{\thechapter.~#1}{}}
%======================================================================================
% PAGE HEADERS
%======================================================================================
\usepackage{etoolbox,fancyhdr} % Required for header and footer configuration
\pagestyle{fancy}
\renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{\sffamily\normalsize\bfseries \ #1}{}} % Chapter text font settings
\renewcommand{\sectionmark}[1]{\markright{\sffamily\normalsize\thesection\hspace{5pt}#1}{}} % Section text font settings
\fancyhf{} \fancyhead[LE,RO]{\sffamily\normalsize\thepage} % Font setting for the page number in the header
\fancyhead[LO]{\rightmark} % Print the nearest section name on the left side of odd pages
\fancyhead[RE]{\leftmark} % Print the current chapter name on the right side of even pages
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{.5pt} % Width of the rule under the header
\addtolength{\headheight}{2.5pt} % Increase the spacing around the header slightly
\newcommand{\headrulecolor}[1]{\patchcmd{\headrule}{\hrule}{\color{#1}\hrule}{}{}}
\headrulecolor{blue!70}% Set header rule colour to 70% red.
\newcommand{\footrulecolor}[1]{\patchcmd{\footrule}{\hrule}{\color{#1}\hrule}{}{}}
\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} % Removes the rule in the footer
\fancypagestyle{plain}{\fancyhead{}\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}} % Style for when a plain pagestyle is specified
% Removes the header from odd empty pages at the end of chapters
\makeatletter
\renewcommand{\cleardoublepage}{
\clearpage\ifodd\c@page\else
\hbox{}
\vspace*{\fill}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\newpage
\fi}
\begin{document}
\chapter[Intro]{Introduction}
\ChapFrame
\lipsum[1-7]
\section{This is how we do it}
\lipsum[1-7]
\chapter{Results}
\ChapFrame
\lipsum[1-7]
\chapter{Some Sample Code}
\ChapFrame
\lipsum[1-7]
\end{document}
Can you tell me if it is possible to automatically center the text in the colored boxes in the chapter thumbs?
Also, how to get the code to function in such a manner that the chapter thumb boxes and text only show up on the right side of the pages instead of alternating?