# “Undefined control sequence \maketitle” & “Paragraph ended before \abstract was complete” errors

I am using this bioinformatics template. I am trying to compile it but can't seem to resolve these two errors.

About the undefined control sequence error, it seems it is caused by a wrong command. \maketitle is valid but it is still giving an error.

About the paragraph ended before \abstract was complete error, I read it could be because of imbalanced braces. That's not the case either.

Here's the code I am using.

\documentclass{bioinfo}
\pubyear{2005}

\usepackage{grffile}
\usepackage{epstopdf}
\usepackage{graphicx}

\begin{document}
\firstpage{1}

\title[short Title]{This is a title}
\author[Sample \textit{et~al}]{Corresponding Author\,$^{1,*}$, Co-Author\,$^{2}$ and Co-Author\,$^2$\footnote{to whom correspondence should be addressed}}
\address{$^{1}$Department of XXXXXXX, Address XXXX etc.\\
$^{2}$Department of XXXXXXXX, Address XXXX etc.}

\history{Received on XXXXX; revised on XXXXX; accepted on XXXXX}

\editor{Associate Editor: XXXXXXX}

\maketitle

\begin{abstract}

\section{Motivation:}
Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text
Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text.

\section{Results:}
Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text

\section{Availability:}
Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text

\section{Contact:} \href{name@bio.com}{name@bio.com}
\end{abstract}

\section{Introduction}

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure~\ref{fig:01} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citep{Bag01} wants to know about  text follows.

$$\sum x+ y =Z\label{eq:01}$$

\section{Approach}

Equation~(\ref{eq:01}) Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

\begin{methods}
\section{Methods}

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

\begin{itemize}
\item for bulleted list, use itemize
\item for bulleted list, use itemize
\item for bulleted list, use itemize
\end{itemize}

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text.

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

\begin{table}[!t]
\processtable{This is table caption\label{Tab:01}}
{\begin{tabular}{llll}\toprule
row1 & row1 & row1 & row1\\
row2 & row2 & row2 & row2\\
row3 & row3 & row3 & row3\\
row4 & row4 & row4 & row4\\\botrule
\end{tabular}}{This is a footnote}
\end{table}

\end{methods}

\begin{figure}[!tpb]%figure1
%\centerline{\includegraphics{fig01.eps}}
\caption{Caption, caption.}\label{fig:01}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[!tpb]%figure2
%\centerline{\includegraphics{fig02.eps}}
\caption{Caption, caption.}\label{fig:02}
\end{figure}

\section{Discussion}

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text.

Table~\ref{Tab:01} shows that Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that
the above method Text Text. Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that
the above method Text Text. Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that
the above method Text Text.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%     please remove the " % " symbol from \centerline{\includegraphics{fig01.eps}}
%     as it may ignore the figures.
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\section{Conclusion}

(Table~\ref{Tab:01}) Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

\begin{enumerate}
\item this is item, use enumerate
\item this is item, use enumerate
\item this is item, use enumerate
\end{enumerate}

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text.

Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text Text Text Text Text. Figure \ref{fig:02} shows that the above method  Text Text Text Text

\section*{Acknowledgement}
Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.  \citealp{Boffelli03} might want to know about  text text text text

\paragraph{Funding\textcolon} Text Text Text Text Text Text  Text Text.

%\bibliographystyle{natbib}
%\bibliographystyle{achemnat}
%\bibliographystyle{plainnat}
%\bibliographystyle{abbrv}
%\bibliographystyle{bioinformatics}
%
%\bibliographystyle{plain}
%
%\bibliography{Document}

\begin{thebibliography}{}
\bibitem[Bofelli {\it et~al}., 2000]{Boffelli03} Bofelli,F., Name2, Name3 (2003) Article title, {\it Journal Name}, {\bf 199}, 133-154.

\bibitem[Bag {\it et~al}., 2001]{Bag01} Bag,M., Name2, Name3 (2001) Article title, {\it Journal Name}, {\bf 99}, 33-54.

\bibitem[Yoo \textit{et~al}., 2003]{Yoo03}
Yoo,M.S. \textit{et~al}. (2003) Oxidative stress regulated genes
in nigral dopaminergic neurnol cell: correlation with the known
pathology in Parkinson's disease. \textit{Brain Res. Mol. Brain
Res.}, \textbf{110}(Suppl. 1), 76--84.

\bibitem[Lehmann, 1986]{Leh86}
Lehmann,E.L. (1986) Chapter title. \textit{Book Title}. Vol.~1, 2nd edn. Springer-Verlag, New York.

\bibitem[Crenshaw and Jones, 2003]{Cre03}
Crenshaw, B.,III, and Jones, W.B.,Jr (2003) The future of clinical
cancer management: one tumor, one chip. \textit{Bioinformatics},
doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btn000.

\bibitem[Auhtor \textit{et~al}. (2000)]{Aut00}
Auhtor,A.B. \textit{et~al}. (2000) Chapter title. In Smith, A.C.
(ed.), \textit{Book Title}, 2nd edn. Publisher, Location, Vol. 1, pp.
???--???.

\bibitem[Bardet, 1920]{Bar20}
Bardet, G. (1920) Sur un syndrome d'obesite infantile avec
polydactylie et retinite pigmentaire (contribution a l'etude des
formes cliniques de l'obesite hypophysaire). PhD Thesis, name of
institution, Paris, France.

\end{thebibliography}
\end{document


Here's a link to the bioinfo.cls file. https://www.dropbox.com/s/a65ubzzauuquxvf/bioinfo.cls?dl=0

• Where can we find this bioinfo.cls? – user31729 Feb 20 '16 at 12:57
• You cannot have an empty line in the abstract and you shoul not have a section in the abstract. – Johannes_B Feb 20 '16 at 13:45
• You might want to take a look at package blindtext or lipsum. All this text text text text is boring and bloating the quite extensive example even more. – Johannes_B Feb 20 '16 at 13:47
• That got resolved. But still getting the "Undefined control sequence. \maketitle" error. – Alchemist Feb 22 '16 at 6:29
• @ChristianHupfer I added the link to the bioinfo.cls in the question. – Alchemist Feb 22 '16 at 6:33

In the bioinfo.cls there is a commented environment also named abstract.

%\newenvironment{abstract}{%
%  \begingroup
%  \let\section\absection
%  \fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{10}{12}\sffamily\selectfont
%  {\fontseries{b}\selectfont Abstract}\par}
%{\endgroup\bigskip\@afterheading\@afterindentfalse\vskip 12pt plus 3pt minus 1pt}


This can be an old version of the class and the template provided has not been updated. That is the reason why you have to define \abstract{my abstract here} and \corresp{corresponding author} before the beginning of the document (as mentioned by @Johannes_B)

Thus you have to have this structure:

\history{Received on XXXXX; revised on XXXXX; accepted on XXXXX}
\editor{Associate Editor: XXXXXXX
\corresp{TEST}