multirow left align and centering

Question

I am using multirows and my code is as follows:

\begin{table}[H]   
\footnotesize
\setlength\tabcolsep{2pt}
\begin{center}
  \caption{\\ \fontsize{10pt}{12pt}\selectfont  \normalfont insert title
}
\label{table8}

\noindent\makebox[\textwidth]{
\begin{tabular}{@{}l *{12}{D{.}{.}{4}}@{}}
\toprule
\multicolumn{5}{l}{Panel A: name of panel} & &  \multicolumn{2}{c}{titles} & & & & & \\
\cmidrule(l){3-12} 

\multicolumn{1}{l}{Period} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Months} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{3} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{4} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{5} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{6} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{7} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{8} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{9} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{10} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$1-10$} \\
\midrule

\multirow{2}{*}{All} & \multirow{2}{*}{168} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.20} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.74} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.61} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.57} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.50} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.48} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.45} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.41} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.45} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.32} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.87$^{**}$} \\
& & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.64)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.53)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.69)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.11)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.26)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.52)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.78)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.86)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.98)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.60)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.03)} \\


\multicolumn{1}{l}{Non-crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{162} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.58} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.99} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.80} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.73} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.65} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.61} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.56} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.52} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.54} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{0.38} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.19$^{***}$} \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.97)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.89)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.12)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.83)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(5.44)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(5.97)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(6.17)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(7.11)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(6.31)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.42)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.02)} \\


\multicolumn{1}{l}{Crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{6} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-9.12} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-5.94} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-4.50} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-3.83} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-3.49} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-3.04} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-2.46} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-2.52} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-2.12} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-1.23} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-7.89$^{***}$} \\
\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-5.13)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-4.93)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-3.77)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-4.50)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-3.97)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-3.13)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-2.55)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-2.75)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-2.04)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-1.22)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-8.34)} \\
\midrule


\multicolumn{5}{l}{Panel B: name of panel} & &  \multicolumn{2}{c}{titles} & & & & & \\

\cmidrule(l){3-12} 

\multicolumn{1}{l}{Period} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{Quarters} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{3} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{4} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{5} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{6} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{7} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{8} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{9} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{10} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{$1-10$} \\
\midrule



\multirow{2}{*}{All} & \multirow{2}{*}{56} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{3.83} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2.26} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.99} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.87} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.74} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.50} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.38} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.35} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.34} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.15} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2.68$^{**}$} \\

& &  \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.60)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.23)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.50)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.86)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.83)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.95)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.95)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.55)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.13)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.24)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(1.99)} \\




\multicolumn{1}{l}{Non-crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{53} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{5.02} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{3.10} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2.67} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2.48} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{2.29} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.99} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.88} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.78} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.70} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{1.44} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{3.58$^{***}$} \\

\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.95)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(3.62)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.12)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(5.00)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.83)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(5.66)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(6.29)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(8.37)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(8.72)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(4.95)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(2.81)} \\




\multicolumn{1}{l}{Crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{2} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-23.99} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-15.44} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-12.23} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-10.68} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-9.45} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-8.89} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-8.16} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-7.24} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-6.19} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-4.16} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{-19.84$^{***}$} \\


\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} & & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-10.32)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-10.99)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-9.04)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-8.81)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-5.63)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-4.62)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-4.64)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-4.02)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-3.35)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-2.08)} & \multicolumn{1}{c}{(-60.95)} \\

\bottomrule
\end{tabular}}
\end{center}
\end{table}

My output is as follows:

As you can see, in Panel A, "All", "168", "162", and "6" are not aligned properly. Specifically, I would like "All" to be left aligned, while "168", "162", and "6" to be centered. Similarly in Panel B, I would like "All" to be left aligned while the numbers under the column "Quarters" to be centered. How can I do this using multirow?

Answer 1

After removing all cluters with \multicolumn{1}{c}{...} and \multicolumn{1}{l}{...} I obtain the following look-out of your table:

The format of last column is as it is shown in your image, which is not consistent with formatting of others columns with numbers. The code is (after guessing what you have in preamble of your document ...):

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{dcolumn} 
\usepackage{booktabs,multirow}
\usepackage{caption}

\newcommand\mc[1]{\multicolumn{1}{c}{#1}}

\begin{document}
\begin{table}
    \footnotesize
    \setlength\tabcolsep{2pt}
\centering
  \caption{insert title}
\label{table8}

    \noindent\makebox[\textwidth]{
\begin{tabular}{@{}l c *{10}{D{.}{.}{3}}c@{}}
    \toprule
\multicolumn{5}{l}{Panel A: name of panel} 
    & &  \multicolumn{2}{c}{titles} & & & & & \\
    \cmidrule(l){3-12}
Period & \mc{Months} & \mc{1} & \mc{2} & \mc{3} & \mc{4} & \mc{5} 
            & \mc{6} & \mc{7} & \mc{8} & \mc{9} & \mc{10} & \mc{$1-10$} \\
\midrule
\multirow{2}{*}{All} & \multirow{2}{*}{168} 
    & 1.20 & 0.74 & 0.61 & 0.57 & 0.50 & 0.48 & 0.45 & 0.41 & 0.45 & 0.32 &     0.87$^{**}$
    \\
& & (2.64) & (2.53) & (2.69) & (3.11) & (3.26) & (3.52) & (3.78) & (3.86) & (3.98) & (2.60) & (2.03) \\

Non-crisis & \multirow{2}{*}{162}
    & 1.58 & 0.99 & 0.80 & 0.73 & 0.65 & 0.61 & 0.56 & 0.52 & 0.54 & 0.38 & 1.19$^{***}$ \\
periods &
    & (3.97) & (3.89) & (4.12) & (4.83) & (5.44) & (5.97) & (6.17) & (7.11) & (6.31) & (3.42) & (3.02) \\

Crisis & \multirow{2}{*}{6}
    & -9.12 & -5.94 & -4.50 & -3.83 & -3.49 & -3.04 & -2.46 & -2.52 & -2.12 & -1.23 & -7.89$^{***}$ \\
periods &
    & (-5.13) & (-4.93) & (-3.77) & (-4.50) & (-3.97) & (-3.13) & (-2.55) & (-2.75) & (-2.04) & (-1.22) & (-8.34) \\
\midrule

\multicolumn{5}{l}{Panel B: name of panel}
    & &  \multicolumn{2}{c}{titles} & & & & & \\
    \cmidrule(l){3-12}
Period & \mc{Months} & \mc{1} & \mc{2} & \mc{3} & \mc{4} & \mc{5}
            & \mc{6} & \mc{7} & \mc{8} & \mc{9} & \mc{10} & \mc{$1-10$} \\
\midrule
\multirow{2}{*}{All} & \multirow{2}{*}{56}
    & 3.83 & 2.26 & 1.99 & 1.87 & 1.74 & 1.50 & 1.38 & 1.35 & 1.34 & 1.15 & 2.68$^{**}$ \\
& &  (2.60) & (2.23) & (2.50) & (2.86) & (2.83) & (2.95) & (2.95) & (3.55) & (4.13) & (3.24) & (1.99) \\

\multicolumn{1}{l}{Non-crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{53}
    & 5.02 & 3.10 & 2.67 & 2.48 & 2.29 & 1.99 & 1.88 & 1.78 & 1.70 & 1.44 & 3.58$^{***}$ \\

\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} &
    & (3.95) & (3.62) & (4.12) & (5.00) & (4.83) & (5.66) & (6.29) & (8.37) & (8.72) & (4.95) & (2.81) \\

\multicolumn{1}{l}{Crisis} & \multirow{2}{*}{2}
    & -23.99 & -15.44 & -12.23 & -10.68 & -9.45 & -8.89 & -8.16 & -7.24 & -6.19 & -4.16 & -19.84$^{***}$    \\

\multicolumn{1}{l}{periods} &
    & (-10.32) & (-10.99) & (-9.04) & (-8.81) & (-5.63) & (-4.62) & (-4.64) & (-4.02) & (-3.35) & (-2.08) & (-60.95) \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}}
    \end{table}
\end{document}

Answer 2

First of all, welcome to the website TrueTears.

From my experience multirow is not capable of a correct vertical alignment, if it spans multi-line cells. You can, however, adjust the alignment manually using the fixup-parameter:

% \multirow{nrows}[bigstruts]{width}[fixup]{text}
\multirow{-10}{*}[3em]{\cellcolor{yellow}\begin{sideways}TEST\end{sideways}}

Other possibilities for solving this problem are discussed in

"Centering mutirow text in a table whose cells contain several lines of text"

and

"How can I achieve proper vertical spacing for long blocks of text within a \multirow?".