Formatting table and figure number and title separately

Question

I'm submitting to a journal that requests tables and figures to be formatted in the following way:

1. The term FIGURE 1 or TABLE 1 (all caps, ideally) centered above the figure.
2. The table/figure title below the figure, without the table/figure number.

I am able to get requirement (2) to work by using the caption package and \caption*{Table Title} inside the tabular but below the table. But then there's no FIGURE #/TABLE # above the figure/table. I can't find anything that would allow me to have the FIGURE #/TABLE # all-caps and centered.

How can I format my figures and tables to these rather silly specifications? My apologies if I'm missing something super obvious, I have been looking for a while.

For example, using standard code

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure} 
\centering 
\caption{Figure Title} 
\includegraphics[width=.80\textwidth]{example.png} 
\end{figure}

\end{document}

Gets me

Figure 1. Figure Title

[Image]

and

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}

\begin{document}

\begin{figure} 
\centering 
\includegraphics[width=.80\textwidth]{example.png} 
\caption*{Figure Title} 
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Gets me

[Image]

Figure Title

but I want:

FIGURE 1

[Image]

Figure Title

Answer 1

What's wrong with two captions in your figure environment? (Not a rhetorical question — if that's the wrong thing to do, I'd like to know.)

EDITED to uppercase the caption label.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}

\DeclareCaptionLabelFormat{upper}{\MakeUppercase{#1}~#2}
\captionsetup{labelformat=upper}

\begin{document}
\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \caption{}
  \includegraphics[width=.80\textwidth]{example.png}
  \caption*{The first figure}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
  \centering
  \caption{}
  \includegraphics[width=.80\textwidth]{example.png}
  \caption*{The second figure}
\end{figure}
\end{document}

Answer 2

You could redefine the figure environment to typeset the number of the figure before the caption. Since, however, the figure number is increased in the caption macro, you have to first increase the respective counter, then typeset it, and then decrease it again. This solution only counts correctly if every figure-environment has a \caption.

Additionally, this sets all content within a figure centered, if you do not want this, put the \centering command in the redefinition in a group to keep its effects local.

\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{caption}

% Clear the label from the caption 
\captionsetup[figure]{labelformat=empty}

% store the old definitions of the figure environment
\let\origfigure\figure
\let\origendfigure\endfigure

\renewenvironment{figure}{%
  \addtocounter{figure}{1}%                       Increase the counter
  \origfigure%                                    Original figure environment
  \centering%                                     Center content 
  \uppercase{Figure~\thefigure}\\[\baselineskip]% Typeset figure number
  \addtocounter{figure}{-1}%                      Decrease counter                    
}{%
  \origendfigure
}


\begin{document}
\listoffigures
\clearpage

\begin{figure} 
  \includegraphics[width=.30\textwidth]{example-image} 
  \caption{foo} 
\end{figure}

\begin{figure} 
  \includegraphics[width=.30\textwidth]{example-image} 
  \caption{bar} 
\end{figure}
\end{document}