Possible Duplicate:
How can I increase the line spacing in a matrix?
Using display style fraction in a matrix environment
How to add extra spaces between rows in tabular environment?
When a fraction is used in a matrix environment, not enough vertical space is put between the rows. Wikibooks recommends using the \em command, but this seems like an inelegant solution. Is there an elegant solution?
One approach is to add extra space between specific lines, with an optional argument to \\:
\left[\begin{matrix}
\frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} \\
\frac{5}{2} & \frac{7}{2}
\end{matrix}\right]
produces
While
\left[\begin{matrix}
\frac{1}{2} & \frac{3}{2} \\[6pt]
\frac{5}{2} & \frac{7}{2}
\end{matrix}\right]
produces
\em equivalent to \\?
\\[0.3em] and you used \\[6pt]. The similarity (in my mind) is that both are manual approaches.
If you use an array environment then you can use the command
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2.5}
and tweak it to whatever you would like. I have loaded the amsmath package to use \dfrac
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\begin{document}
Default:
\[
\left[
\begin{array}{ccc}
\dfrac{5}{6} & \dfrac{1}{6} & 0 \\
\dfrac{5}{6} & 0 & \dfrac{1}{6} \\
0 & \dfrac{5}{6} & \dfrac{1}{6}
\end{array}
\right]
\]
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{2.5}
Stretched:
\[
\left[
\begin{array}{ccc}
\dfrac{5}{6} & \dfrac{1}{6} & 0 \\
\dfrac{5}{6} & 0 & \dfrac{1}{6} \\
0 & \dfrac{5}{6} & \dfrac{1}{6}
\end{array}
\right]
\]
\end{document}
array where matrix is more appropriate?
Commented
Nov 4, 2011 at 15:37
matrix then have a look at the links that people have posted as comments
In plain-tex format at least, \matrix calls \normalbaselines, which resets the (base)lineskip(limit)'s to normal(base)lineskip(limit)'s. Plain also has a macro called \openup<dimen> which increases the (base)lineskip(limit)'s by given <dimen>.
So it would seem logical to define a macro \openupnormal, which would do the same as \openup, only for normal(base)lineskip(limit)'s:
\catcode`@=11
\def\openupnormal{\afterassignment\@penupnormal\dimen@=}
\def\@penupnormal{\advance\normallineskip\dimen@
\advance\normalbaselineskip\dimen@
\advance\normallineskiplimit\dimen@}
\catcode`@=12
so that one could do:
$$
\left[
\openupnormal1\jot\matrix{ % inside this group, increase the
% normal(base)lineskip(limit)'s by 1 jot
{5\over6} & {1\over6} & 0 \cr
{5\over6} & 0 & {1\over6} \cr
0 & {5\over6} & {1\over6} \cr
} % the group ends here, and so does the effect of \openupnormal
\right]
\quad
\left[
\matrix{
{5\over6} & {1\over6} & 0 \cr
{5\over6} & 0 & {1\over6} \cr
0 & {5\over6} & {1\over6} \cr
}
\right]
$$
\bye
(Note that there is no \displaystyle in effect in the above fractions, unlike in \dfrac)
\makeatletter/\makeatother instead of \catcode's, \frac/\dfrac instead of {x\over y}, \\[/\\] instead of $$ etc.
\documentclassso that those trying to help don't have to recreate it.