In case of numbering sections independent from chapters, the question will be raised how to number definitions/propositions/examples that are placed in a chapter but are not be placed in a section?
E.g.:
Chapter 0 Basics
1 Elements
2 Combinations
Def. 2.1: Some definition
Def. 2.2: Some definition
Pro. 2.3 Some proposition
Exm. 2.4: Some Example
2.1 Permutations
2.2 Sets
Def. 2.2.1: Some definition
Def. 2.2.2: Some definition
Pro. 2.2.3 Some proposition
Exm. 2.2.4: Some Example
Chapter 1 Groups
Def. <???>1: Some definition
Pro. <???>2 Some proposition
Exm. <???>3: Some Example
3 Groups
Def. 3.1: Some definition
Pro. 3.2 Some proposition
Exm. 3.3: Some Example
Chapter 2 Rings and Fields
Def. <???>1: Some definition
Pro. <???>2 Some proposition
Exm. <???>3: Some Example
4 Rings
5 Fields
How should definitions/propositions/examples in Chapter 1 be named?
They don't belong to section 2. And they don't belong to section 3.
How should definitions/propositions/examples in Chapter 2 be named?
They don't belong to section 3. And they don't belong to section 4.
I suggest <???>=<chapter>/<definition/proposition/example number> in these cases:
Chapter 0 Basics
1 Elements
2 Combinations
Def. 2.1: Some definition
Def. 2.2: Some definition
Pro. 2.3 Some proposition
Exm. 2.4: Some Example
2.1 Permutations
2.2 Sets
Def. 2.2.1: Some definition
Def. 2.2.2: Some definition
Pro. 2.2.3 Some proposition
Exm. 2.2.4: Some Example
Chapter 1 Groups
Def. 1/1: Some definition
Pro. 1/2 Some proposition
Exm. 1/3: Some Example
3 Groups
Def. 3.1: Some definition
Def. 3.2: Some definition
Pro. 3.3 Some proposition
Exm. 3.4: Some Example
Chapter 2 Rings and Fields
Def. 2/1: Some definition
Pro. 2/2 Some proposition
Pro. 2/3 Some proposition
Exm. 2/4: Some Example
4 Rings
5 Fields
Another question is about the numbering of footnotes, tables, figures and equations.
I suggest numbering footnotes per chapter.
I suggest numbering tables, figures and equations per section as deeper sectioning-levels might have equally numbered definition/proposition/example-pendants.
I suggest handling the case of tables/figures/equations in a chapter but
not in a section in the same way as definition/proposition/example in a chapter but not in a section, i.e. by prepending "/" to the corresponding number.
Yet another question:
Do you want definitions/propositions/examples to occur within the table of contents as well?
Do you wish something like a separate List of definitions / List of propositions / List of examples.
I suggest not having definitions/propositions/examples occur within the table of contents.
I suggest not having a a separate List of definitions / List of propositions / List of examples.
These things require more crude hacking of the documentclass / of the book class.
\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\makeatletter
\newcounter{TheoremElement}
\newcounter{sectionfake}
\begingroup
\def\tempa#1{\global\csname c@#1\endcsname\z@}%
\expandafter\endgroup\ifx\tempa\@stpelt
\expandafter\@firstoftwo\else\expandafter\@secondoftwo\fi
{%
\def\c@sectionfakehack\z@
}{%
\def\c@sectionfakehack\m@ne\stepcounter#1%
}%
{%
\let\c@sectionfake\c@sectionfake\stepcounter{sectionfake}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@chapter{%
\@elt{sectionfake}%
\@elt{footnote}%
\@elt{equation}\@elt{figure}\@elt{table}%
\@elt{subsection}\@elt{subsubsection}%
\@elt{paragraph}\@elt{subparagraph}%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@section{%
\@elt{sectionfakehack}%<-the hack increments sectionfake instead of resetting
% to zero whenever section is incremented via \stepcounter
\@elt{equation}\@elt{figure}\@elt{table}%
\@elt{subsection}\@elt{subsubsection}%
\@elt{paragraph}\@elt{subparagraph}%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@subsection{%
\@elt{subsubsection}%
\@elt{paragraph}\@elt{subparagraph}%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@subsubsection{%
\@elt{paragraph}\@elt{subparagraph}%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@paragraph{%
\@elt{subparagraph}%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand\cl@subparagraph{%
\@elt{TheoremElement}%
}%
\renewcommand*\cl@TheoremElement{}%
%
\newcommand\sectionfakefork{%
\ifnum\number\value{sectionfake}>0 %
\expandafter\@firstoftwo\else\expandafter\@secondoftwo\fi
}%
\newcommand\AllSectionLevelsArabic{%
\sectionfakefork
{%
\AllSectionLevelsArabicLoop{\AllSectionLevelsArabicLoop{%
\AllSectionLevelsArabicLoop{\AllSectionLevelsArabicLoop{%
\@firstoftwo{\arabic{section}.}%
}{subsection}.}{subsubsection}.%
}{paragraph}.}{subparagraph}.%
\@firstoftwo
}{%
\arabic{chapter}/%
}%
\arabic{TheoremElement}%
}%
\newcommand\AllSectionLevelsArabicLoop[4]{%
#4{\ifnum\number\value{#2}>0 %
\expandafter\@firstoftwo\else\expandafter\@secondoftwo\fi
{#1\@secondoftwo\arabic{#2}#3}{#1#4}%
}{#1\@secondoftwo\arabic{#2}#3}%
}%
\newcommand\insertbehindnumber[2]{%
#1\@insertbehimdnumber{#2}%
}%
\newcommand\@insertbehimdnumber{}%
\long\def\@insertbehimdnumber#1#2\endcsname{#2\endcsname#1}%
\renewcommand\theTheoremElement{\AllSectionLevelsArabic}
\newtheorem{definition}[TheoremElement]{\insertbehindnumber{Def.}{:}}%
\newtheorem{proposition}[TheoremElement]{\insertbehindnumber{Pro.}{:}}%
\newtheorem{example}[TheoremElement]{\insertbehindnumber{Exm.}{:}}%
\renewcommand\theequation{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{equation}}%
\renewcommand\thetable{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{table}}%
\renewcommand\thefigure{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{figure}}%
\renewcommand\thesection{\protect\S\texorpdfstring{\protect\,}{ }\arabic{section}}%
\AtBeginDocument{%
% Remove the dot after chapter-numbers in headers of verso pages:
%\renewcommand*\chaptermark[1]{%
% \markboth{%
% \MakeUppercase{%
% \ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\m@ne\if@mainmatter\@chapapp\ \thechapter\quad\fi\fi#1%
% }%
% }{}%
%}%
% Remove the dot after sectioning-paragraph-numbers in headers of recto pages:
\renewcommand*\sectionmark[1]{%
\markright{%
\MakeUppercase{\ifnum\c@secnumdepth>\z@\thesection\quad\fi#1}%
}%
}%
\@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{%
% Ensure uniqueness of hyperref' anchor names:
\renewcommand\theHsection{\arabic{section}}%
\renewcommand\theHTheoremElement{\AllSectionLevelsArabic}%
\renewcommand\theHequation{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{equation}}%
\renewcommand\theHtable{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{table}}%
\renewcommand\theHfigure{\sectionfakefork{\arabic{section}.}{\arabic{chapter}/}\arabic{figure}}%
\renewcommand\theHfootnote{\arabic{chapter}.\arabic{footnote}}%
}{%
\providecommand\texorpdfstring[2]{#1}%
}%
}%
\makeatother
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{4}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{\value{secnumdepth}}
\usepackage[open,openlevel=\value{secnumdepth},atend,numbered]{bookmark}
\begin{document}
\tableofcontents
\setcounter{chapter}{-1}%
\chapter{Basics}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\section{Sets}
\begin{definition}
\label{deflabel}Some definition.
\end{definition}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\begin{proposition}
\label{proplabel}Some proposition.
\end{proposition}
\begin{example}
\label{exlabel}Some example.
\end{example}
\section{Other section}
\section{Other section}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\begin{proposition}
Some proposition.
\end{proposition}
\begin{example}
Some example.
\end{example}
\section{Other section}
\chapter{Groups, Rings and Fields}
\begin{definition}
\label{otherdeflabel}Some definition.
\end{definition}
\section{Groups}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\subsection{SubGroups}
\begin{definition}
Some definition.
\end{definition}
\subsubsection{SubSubGroups}
\begin{definition}
\label{yetanotherdeflabel}Some definition.
\end{definition}
\section{Rings}
\cleardoublepage
\section{Testing referencing}
referencing a definition: \ref{deflabel}\\
referencing a proposition: \ref{proplabel}\\
referencing an example: \ref{exlabel}\\
referencing another definition: \ref{otherdeflabel}\\
referencing yet another definition: \ref{yetanotherdeflabel}
\end{document}
