Drawing random signal shape in tikz?

Question

Is it possible in tikz - in a simple way to draw a signal...

I am interested in drawing something like this

The shape of the signal does not matter... I just have to be able to draw the arrows and the text in between.

Regarding the meta post:

My intention with this post was never to have someone give me the full solution. I was only interested in possible ways a random signal could be created, which was given by the sine solution ... I seen now that the title/question might have been misleading. Sorry for the troubles it might have caused you.

Answer 1

Pure TikZ solution:

\documentclass[tikz,
               border=3mm,
               ]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows.meta,
                quotes
                }
\begin{document}
    \begin{tikzpicture}[x=16mm,
       every edge/.style = {draw, Straight Barb-Straight Barb},
every edge quotes/.style = {fill=white,font=\footnotesize}
                    ]
\draw[very thick,red, smooth,domain=9:101] plot (\x/10,rand);

\foreach \x in {1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 6, 8, 9, 10}
    \draw[dashed]  (\x,-1.1) -- ++ (0,2.2);

\draw   (3.0,-1.3) edge ["Frame step"] ++ (2,0)
        (5.0,-1.3) edge ["Overlap"] ++ (1,0)
        (1.0,-1.6) edge ["Frame 1"] ++ (3,0)
        (5.0,-1.6) edge ["Frame 3"] ++ (3,0)
        (3.0,-1.9) edge ["Frame 2"] ++ (3,0)
        (7.0,-1.9) edge ["Frame 4"] ++ (3,0);
    \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

I'm bored, so here's a suggestion with some help from pgfplots.

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{compat=1.14} 

\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  doublearrow/.style={
    <->, 
    >=latex,
   every node/.style={fill=white,font=\scriptsize}}]
\begin{axis}[
  axis lines=none,
  clip=false,
  width=12cm,
  height=3cm
]
\pgfmathsetseed{1} % to get same output every time
\addplot[black,smooth,domain=0:10] {rnd};
\pgfplotsinvokeforeach{1,3,3.5,5,7,7.5,9}{% draw vertical dotted line at these x-positions
  \draw [densely dotted] (#1,0) -- (#1,1.5);
}

% draw arrows with text
\draw [doublearrow] (1,-0.2) -- node{Frame 1} (3.5,-0.2);
\draw [doublearrow] (3,-0.4) -- node{Frame 2} (5,-0.4);
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document} 

And because I was working on this while other answers were posted, with just TikZ. I've made some macros that hold frame width, step etc., so that you can easily modify if needed. Change one macro, and all the arrows move as well. (I'm assuming the frame width and step are constant here.)

\documentclass[border=5mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  doublearrow/.style={
    <->, 
    >=latex,
   every node/.style={fill=white,font=\scriptsize}}]

\pgfmathsetseed{42}
\draw plot[smooth,domain=0:12,samples=25] (\x,rnd);

\pgfmathsetmacro\FrameStart{1}
\pgfmathsetmacro\FrameW{3}
\pgfmathsetmacro\FrameOverlap{0.5}
\pgfmathsetmacro\FrameStep{\FrameW-\FrameOverlap}

\foreach[
  evaluate=\i as \y using {ifthenelse(mod(\i,2)==0,-0.4,-0.8)},
  evaluate=\i as \X using \i*\FrameStep+\FrameStart,
  count=\j
] \i in {0,...,3} {
  \draw [densely dotted] (\X,0) -- (\X,1.5);
  \draw [densely dotted] (\X+\FrameW,0) -- (\X+\FrameW,1.5);
  \draw [doublearrow] (\X,\y) -- node{Frame \j} (\X+\FrameW,\y);
}
\draw [doublearrow] (\FrameStart+\FrameStep,1.3) -- node{Frame step} +(\FrameStep,0);
\draw [doublearrow] (\FrameStart+3*\FrameStep,1) -- node[above=2pt,font=\tiny]{Overlap} +(\FrameOverlap,0);

\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document} 

Answer 3

I made this solution based on @Dr.ManuelKuehner 's suggestion:

\begin{figure}[H]
    \centering
    \begin{tikzpicture}
        % Frame length: 3
        % Overlap length:0.6
        % Frame start sections: 0 - 1.4 - 2.8 - 4.2
        % Frame end sections: 2 - 3.4 - 4.8 - 4.2

        \draw[->]   (-1,0) -- ++ (12,0) node[right] {Time}; %X-axis line
        \draw[thick, blue] plot[domain=0:11.7*pi, samples=60]  (\x/pi,{sin(0.9*\x r) + sin(0.42*\x r)}); %sine wave

        \draw[densely dashed]   (0,-1.5) -- + (0,3.0)      (3,-1.5) -- + (0,3.6);% frame 1 
        \draw[<->]      (0,-1.3) -- node[below] {Frame 1} + (3,0);

        \draw[densely dashed]   (2.4,-1.1) -- + (0,3.3)      (5.4,-1.1) -- + (0,4.1);
        \draw[<->]      (2.4,2.1) -- node[above] {Overlap} + (0.6,0);
        \draw[<->]      (2.4,-2.1) -- node[below] {Frame 2} + (3,0);


        \draw[densely dashed]   (4.8,-1.5) -- + (0,4.4)      (7.8,-1.5) -- + (0,3.6);
        \draw[<->]      (4.8,2.9) -- node[above] {Overlap} + (0.6,0);
        \draw[<->]      (4.8,-1.3) -- node[below] {Frame 3} + (3,0);


        \draw[densely dashed]   (7.2,-1.1) -- + (0,3.3)      (10.2,-1.1) -- + (0,3.3);
        \draw[<->]      (7.2,2.1) -- node[above] {Overlap} + (0.6,0);
        \draw[<->]      (7.2,-2.1) -- node[below] {Frame 4} + (3,0);

    \end{tikzpicture}  
\end{figure}