How do I fix incompatibility of exercise and unicode-math packages?

Question

I wanted to use the exercise package in a LaTeX-document that is processed with LuaLaTeX. In this case, I encountered the problem that numbering and formatting of questions does not work correctly.

How can I use both package, i.e. how do I debug and fix such an incompatibility?

I reduced this problem to a MWE which is as follows:

\documentclass{book}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[lastexercise,answerdelayed]{exercise}
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setmainlanguage{english}
\usepackage{unicode-math}% Incompatible with exercise package
\usepackage{fontspec}% I want to select a different font

\setmainfont{Linux Libertine O}
\setmathfont{Tex Gyre Pagella Math}% this requires unicode-math

\begin{document}

\chapter{List of problems}
\begin{ExerciseList}
    \Exercise Prove Bernoulli's inequality
    \[
        (1+x)^n \geq 1+nx, \text{ for } x\geq -1 \text{ and } n\geq 0.
    \]
    \Exercise Find out if the following equations are true.
        \Question $(1 + 5)^2 \geq 11$
        \Question $1 < 5$
        \Question $1 > 5$
\end{ExerciseList}

\end{document}

Processing this with lualatex (or xelatex -- both using the -8bit option) yields a document where the questions are not numbered correctly.

Omitting the \usepackage{unicode-math} and the \setmathfont{...} (which requires unicode-math), then the output is as expected.

Answer 1

The unicode-math package defines \Question as a math symbol, precisely U+2047 DOUBLE QUESTION MARK, that is, ⁇.

\documentclass{book}

\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage[lastexercise,answerdelayed]{exercise}
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\usepackage{unicode-math}

\setmainlanguage{english}

\setmainfont{TeX Gyre Pagella}
\setmathfont{TeX Gyre Pagella Math}% this requires unicode-math

\let\exerciseQuestion\Question
\AtBeginDocument{%
  \let\mathQuestion\Question
  \let\Question\exerciseQuestion
}

\begin{document}

\chapter{List of problems}
\begin{ExerciseList}
    \Exercise Prove Bernoulli's inequality
    \[
        (1+x)^n \geq 1+nx, \text{ for } x\geq -1 \text{ and } n\geq 0.
    \]
    \Exercise Find out if the following equations are true.
        \Question $(1 + 5)^2 \geq 11$
        \Question $1 < 5$
        \Question $1 > 5$
\end{ExerciseList}

\end{document}