The solution given to this question on how to cite items in East Asian languages using biblatex-chicago's notes option is excellent. However, it doesn't work when instead of notes (= references in footnotes, either abbreviated or full length), one uses author-date (parenthetical citations). The problem is the way in which biblatex-chicago disambiguates between authors with the same surname, first name, and CJK script form of the name. What biblatex-chicago does is to disambiguate by adding the initial of the first name in front of the surname, with the first character from the CJK script form of the name following the name. Ideally, what would be needed is disambiguation by, in case only the surname is identical, printing {Surname} {First name} {Date}, or, in case both surname and first name are the same, but not CJK script form of the name, by printing {Surname} {First name} {CJK script form of name} {Date}.
MWE, with the solution from the aforementioned question included:
\documentclass[utf8,12pt,a4paper,oneside]{article}
\usepackage{setspace}
\usepackage{xltxtra}
\usepackage[fallback]{xeCJK}
\usepackage{xunicode-addon}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\defaultfontfeatures{Ligatures=TeX}
\newcommand{\mainfont}[0]{Linux Libertine O}
\setmainfont[Ligatures={Required,Contextual,Common,TeX},Contextuals={Alternate},Numbers={OldStyle}]{\mainfont}
\newcommand{\mainfontCJK}[0]{HanaMinA}\setCJKmainfont[Scale=0.9]{\mainfontCJK}
\setCJKfallbackfamilyfont{\CJKrmdefault}[Scale=0.9]
{NanumMyeongjo}
\XeTeXlinebreaklocale "zh"
\XeTeXlinebreakskip = 0pt plus 1pt
\usepackage[bibencoding=utf8,idemtracker=constrict,loccittracker=constrict,compresspages,longcrossref=false,booklongxref=true,authordate,cmsdate=both,strict,isbn=false,backend=biber,hyperref=false,mincrossrefs=2]{biblatex-chicago}
%Enabling CJK names (http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/320693/cjk-bibliography-problem-biblatex-chicago/320738#320738 ):
\forcsvlist{\listadd\nameaffixlist}{Junior,Senior}
\newcommand{\ifnameaffix}[1]{%
\ifboolexpr{ test {\ifrmnum{#1}} or test {\xifinlist{#1}{\nameaffixlist}} }}
% Based on definitions from biblatex.def
\newbibmacro*{name:cjk}[3]{%
\usebibmacro{name:delim}{#2#3#1}%
\usebibmacro{name:hook}{#2#3#1}%
\mkbibnamefamily{#1}%
\ifdefvoid{#2}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnamegiven{#2}}%
\ifdefvoid{#3}{}{\bibnamedelimd\mkbibnamesuffix{#3}}}
\DeclareNameFormat{given-family}{%
\ifboolexpr{ test {\ifdefvoid{\namepartsuffix}} or test {\ifnameaffix{\namepartsuffix}} }
{\ifgiveninits
{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}
{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}}
{\usebibmacro{name:cjk}{\namepartfamily}{\namepartgiven}{\namepartsuffix}}%
\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}
\DeclareNameFormat{family-given}{%
\ifboolexpr{ test {\ifdefvoid{\namepartsuffix}} or test {\ifnameaffix{\namepartsuffix}} }
{\ifgiveninits
{\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}
{\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}}
{\usebibmacro{name:cjk}{\namepartfamily}{\namepartgiven}{\namepartsuffix}}%
\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}
\DeclareNameFormat{family-given/given-family}{%
\ifboolexpr{ test {\ifdefvoid{\namepartsuffix}} or test {\ifnameaffix{\namepartsuffix}} }
{\ifnumequal{\value{listcount}}{1}
{\ifgiveninits
{\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}
{\usebibmacro{name:family-given}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}
\ifboolexpe{%
test {\ifdefvoid\namepartgiven}
and
test {\ifdefvoid\namepartprefix}}
{}
{\usebibmacro{name:revsdelim}}}
{\ifgiveninits
{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiveni}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}
{\usebibmacro{name:given-family}
{\namepartfamily}
{\namepartgiven}
{\namepartprefix}
{\namepartsuffix}}}}
{\usebibmacro{name:cjk}{\namepartfamily}{\namepartgiven}{\namepartsuffix}}%
\usebibmacro{name:andothers}}
% Based on definitions from biblatex-chicago cbx
\DeclareFieldFormat[book]{title}{%
\mkbibemph{#1}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{booktitle}{%
\mkbibemph{#1}%
\iffieldundef{booktitleaddon}{}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat{maintitle}{%
\mkbibemph{#1}%
\iffieldundef{maintitleaddon}{}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[article]{title}{%
\iffieldundef{title}{}{\mkbibquote{#1}}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
%Addition for functionality with inbook and bookinbook etc:
\DeclareFieldFormat[inbook]{title}{%
\iffieldundef{title}{}{\mkbibquote{#1}}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[bookinbook]{title}{%
\iffieldundef{title}{}{\mkbibquote{#1}}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[unpublished]{title}{%
\iffieldundef{title}{}{\mkbibquote{#1}}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
\DeclareFieldFormat[thesis]{title}{%
\iffieldundef{title}{}{\mkbibquote{#1}}%
\iffieldundef{titleaddon}{\isdot}{\nopunct}}
%This makes translation brackets into parentheses:
\DeclareFieldFormat{usere}{\mkbibparens{#1}}
\begin{filecontents}{bibliography.bib}
@book{Book1,
title = {Shuming},
titleaddon = {書名},
author = {Zhang, 章學成, Xuecheng},
location = {Beijing},
publisher = {Zhonghua Shuju},
date = {2017},
}
@book{Book2,
title = {Shuming er},
titleaddon = {書名二},
author = {Zhang, 張學成, Xuecheng},
location = {Shanghai},
publisher = {Shangwu Yinshuguan},
date = {2016},
}
@book{Book3,
title = {Sŏmyŏng},
titleaddon = {書名},
author = {Zhang, 장학성, Haksŏng},
location = {Shanghai},
publisher = {Shangwu Yinshuguan},
date = {2016},
}
\end{filecontents}
\addbibresource{bibliography.bib}
\begin{document}
\parencite{Book1} \parencite{Book2} \parencite{Book3}
\printbibliography
\end{document}
The Korean entry is especially interesting, as it only takes the first graph from the hangul syllable (ㅈ from 장), which is never seen in Korean.
NOTE 1: I asked questions related to this issue in reference to an earlier version of biblatex: here (answered wonderfully) and here (unanswered).
NOTE 2: Link to HanaMin font.
