How to draw a tree-like diagram with partially shaded nodes? [closed]

Question

I would like to draw this figure but I don't know how I can do this. Can someone help me and give me advice? I appreciate any help!

Here are at least the input symbols:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}

\begin{document}
Layer 3: Disjoint base lists $\mathcal{B}_{i,1}$ and $\mathcal{B}_{i,2}$ for $i=1,2,3,4$, $p_3=\frac{p_2}{2}$. 
Layer 2: $\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$, $\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$, $\mathcal{L}_3^{(2)}$, $\mathcal{L}_4^{(2)}$, $r_2$, $p_2=\frac{p_1}{2} + \Delta_2$. 
Layer 1: $\mathcal{L}_1^{(1)}$, $\mathcal{L}_2^{(1)}$, $r_1$, $p_1=\frac{p}{2}+\Delta_1$. 
Layer 0: $\mathcal{L}$, $\ell$, $p$. 
Strange symbol: $\bowtie$
\end{document}

Answer 1

This is close reproduction of your table.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
% for horizontal splits, drawing dashed splitting lines is a mess
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/34353/121799
\tikzset{pfft/.style={inner sep=1pt,rectangle split, rectangle split parts=2, draw, rectangle split
horizontal,rectangle split draw splits = false,
minimum height=1.2cm,
rectangle split part fill={white, gray!20!white},
%  append after command={% courtesy of Alenanno ref: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/287967/drawing-thin-line-around-a-multipart-tikz-shape#comment696552_287972
%       \draw[dashed] ($(\tikzlastnode.north west)!0.70!(\tikzlastnode.north east)$) 
%     -- ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)!0.7!(\tikzlastnode.south east)$);}
 }
}
\newcommand{\DrawVerticalDashedLine}[2][0.7]{%
\draw[dashed] ($(#2.north west)!#1!(#2.north east)$) -- ($(#2.south
west)!#1!(#2.south east)$);}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{p{3cm}cp{3cm}}
 & & weight\\
Layer 3 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer3.base)]
\node[draw](layer3){Disjoint base list $\mathcal{B}_{i,1}$ and $\mathcal{B}_{i,2}$ 
for $i=1,\dots 4$};
\end{tikzpicture}
& $p_3=\frac{p_2}{2}$\\[1cm]
Layer 2 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer2a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer2a){~$\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2a}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2a](layer2b){~$\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2b}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2b](layer2c){~$\mathcal{L}_3^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2c}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2c](layer2d){~$\mathcal{L}_4^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2d}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p_2=\frac{p_1}{2}+\Delta_2$\\[1cm]
Layer 1 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer1a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer1a){~$\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer1a}
\node[pfft,right=2cm of layer1a](layer1b){~$\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer1b}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p_1=\frac{p}{2}+\Delta$\\[1cm]
Layer 0 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer0a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer0a){~$\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer0a}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p$
\end{tabular}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\draw[dashed] ($(layer3.south west)!0.1!(layer3.south east)$) -- (layer2a.north) --  ($(layer3.south west)!0.25!(layer3.south east)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(layer3.south west)!0.9!(layer3.south east)$) -- (layer2d.north) --  ($(layer3.south west)!0.75!(layer3.south east)$);
\node[below=0.3cm of layer3]{$\scriptscriptstyle \bullet~\bullet~\bullet$};
\node[above=0.2cm of layer1a]{$\bowtie$};
\node[above=0.2cm of layer1b]{$\bowtie$};
\draw (layer2a.south) -- (layer1a.north) -- (layer2b.south);
\draw (layer2c.south) -- (layer1b.north) -- (layer2d.south);
\node[above=0.2cm of layer0a]{$\bowtie$};
\draw (layer1a.south) -- (layer0a.north) -- (layer1b.south);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

I ended up drawing the dashed lines separating the white and gray parts of the boxes by hand. According to this post, this seems to be the only option. I also failed to add these lines as an automatic postaction. This might have to do that the rectangle split produces two nodes, such that \lastikznode gets confused. If anyone knows how to fix this, I'd be really eager to learn that.

EDIT: This does not give an error and the lowest box has the same dimensions as the ones above. (But I'd recommend to try to learn these tricks yourself, you'll see that this is much more fun. ;-)

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{calc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.multipart}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
% for horizontal splits, drawing dashed splitting lines is a mess
% https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/34353/121799
\tikzset{pfft/.style={inner sep=1pt,rectangle split, rectangle split parts=2, draw, rectangle split
horizontal,rectangle split draw splits = false,
minimum height=1.2cm,
rectangle split part fill={white, gray!20!white},
%  append after command={% courtesy of Alenanno ref: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/287967/drawing-thin-line-around-a-multipart-tikz-shape#comment696552_287972
%       \draw[dashed] ($(\tikzlastnode.north west)!0.70!(\tikzlastnode.north east)$) 
%     -- ($(\tikzlastnode.south west)!0.7!(\tikzlastnode.south east)$);}
 }
}
\newcommand{\DrawVerticalDashedLine}[2][0.7]{%
\draw[dashed] ($(#2.north west)!#1!(#2.north east)$) -- ($(#2.south
west)!#1!(#2.south east)$);}

\begin{document}
\begin{tabular}{p{3cm}cp{3cm}}
 & & weight\\
Layer 3 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer3.base)]
\node[draw](layer3){Disjoint base list $\mathcal{B}_{i,1}$ and $\mathcal{B}_{i,2}$ 
for $i=1,\dots 4$};
\end{tikzpicture}
& $p_3=\frac{p_2}{2}$\\[1cm]
Layer 2 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer2a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer2a){~$\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2a}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2a](layer2b){~$\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2b}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2b](layer2c){~$\mathcal{L}_3^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2c}
\node[pfft,right=0.4cm of layer2c](layer2d){~$\mathcal{L}_4^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer2d}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p_2=\frac{p_1}{2}+\Delta_2$\\[1cm]
Layer 1 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer1a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer1a){~$\mathcal{L}_1^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer1a}
\node[pfft,right=2cm of layer1a](layer1b){~$\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$~ \nodepart{two} ${\scriptstyle r_2}$};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer1b}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p_1=\frac{p}{2}+\Delta$\\[1cm]
Layer 0 & 
\begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,baseline=(layer0a.base)]
\node[pfft](layer0a){~\makebox[\widthof{$\mathcal{L}_2^{(2)}$}][c]{$\mathcal{L}$}~ \nodepart{two}
\makebox[\widthof{${\scriptstyle r_2}$}][c]{${\scriptstyle \ell}$}};
\DrawVerticalDashedLine{layer0a}
\end{tikzpicture}
 & $p$
\end{tabular}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\draw[dashed] ($(layer3.south west)!0.1!(layer3.south east)$) -- (layer2a.north) --  ($(layer3.south west)!0.25!(layer3.south east)$);
\draw[dashed] ($(layer3.south west)!0.9!(layer3.south east)$) -- (layer2d.north) --  ($(layer3.south west)!0.75!(layer3.south east)$);
\node[below=0.3cm of layer3]{$\scriptscriptstyle \bullet~\bullet~\bullet$};
\node[above=0.2cm of layer1a]{$\bowtie$};
\node[above=0.2cm of layer1b]{$\bowtie$};
\draw (layer2a.south) -- (layer1a.north) -- (layer2b.south);
\draw (layer2c.south) -- (layer1b.north) -- (layer2d.south);
\node[above=0.2cm of layer0a]{$\bowtie$};
\draw (layer1a.south) -- (layer0a.north) -- (layer1b.south);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}