I want a bold line around only one cell. The problem is that the cells below and on the sides are colored with \cellcolor so \cline didn't work. I then found this solution which produced bold lines on all sides of the cell. Highlight table cells using thick, colored border But I didn't want it to change the height of the cell and I don't know what to change so the lines on the right and left don't stop before tabcolsep.
\documentclass[11pt]{article}
\usepackage[ngerman]{babel}
\usepackage[a4paper, text={16.5cm, 25.2cm}, centering]{geometry}
\usepackage[sfdefault]{ClearSans}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\setlength{\parskip}{1.2ex}
\setlength{\parindent}{0em}
\usepackage{tabularx}
\usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{colortbl}
\makeatletter
\def\highlight#1{%
\fboxrule2pt %
\hsize=\dimexpr\hsize-2\fboxrule-2\fboxsep\relax
#1%
\@endpbox\unskip\setbox0\lastbox\bgroup
\fboxrule2pt %
\fcolorbox{black}{white}{\box0}\hfill}
\begin{document}
\center{hiragana test :)}
\vspace{12pt}
\begin{center}
\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\newcolumntype{R}[1]{>{\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{#1}}
\setlength{\extrarowheight}{0.8cm}
\begin{tabular}{|C{1.5cm}|C{1.5cm}|C{1.5cm}|C{1.5cm}|C{1.5cm}|C{1.5cm}|}
\hline
& a & i & u & e & o \\
\hline
\cellcolor{gray!60} & & & & & \\
\hline
k & & & & & \\
\hline
s & & & & & \\
\hline
t & & & & & \\
\hline
n & & & & & \\
\hline
h & & & & & \\
\hline
m & & & & & \\
\hline
y & & & & & \\
\hline
r & & & & & \\
\hline
w & &\cellcolor{gray!60} & \cellcolor{gray!60}& \cellcolor{gray!60}& \\
\hline
n & \highlight{} &\cellcolor{gray!60} &\cellcolor{gray!60} &\cellcolor{gray!60} & \cellcolor{gray!60} \\
\hline
\cellcolor{gray!60}& \cellcolor{gray!60} &\cellcolor{gray!60} &\cellcolor{gray!60} &\cellcolor{gray!60} & \cellcolor{gray!60} \\
\hline
g & & & & & \\
\hline
z & & & & & \\
\hline
d & & & & & \\
\hline
b & & & & & \\
\hline
p & & & & & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{document}