I have a long equation, which is 32,497 characters long generated from a computer algebra system.
When I write it as
\[
equation here
\]
and compile the latex file using lualatex, the pdf does not contain the equation. the space where it is supposed to be is all blank.
When I do the same thing using
\begin{align*}
equation here
\end{align*}
Then it shows up (the first part of it, as the rest goes off the page).
The question is: why does the equation not show up using \[..\]
?
Since the equation is very long, I tried to post it here but found it will be very hard to copy the MWE which contains it. So I put the MWE plain latex file on my web page here long_equation.tex
The PDF file is long_equation.pdf and the log file is long_equation.log
The MWE looks like the following (without the actual equation in it, since it is too long)
\documentclass[12pt]{article}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\DeclareMathOperator{\WhittakerM}{WhittakerM}
\begin{document}
The equation is
\[
long equation here
\]
Did you see it?
The equation is
\begin{align*}
same long equation here
\end{align*}
Did you see it?
\end{document}
compiling the above using lualatex long_equation.tex
gives this output
Here is the output on the screen when compiling the file with only `\[...\]` in it
>lualatex long_equation.tex
This is LuaTeX, Version 1.07.0 (TeX Live 2018)
restricted system commands enabled.
(./long_equation.tex
LaTeX2e <2018-04-01> patch level 5
luaotfload | main : initialization completed in 0.157 seconds
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size12.clo))
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsmath.sty
For additional information on amsmath, use the `?' option.
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amstext.sty
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsgen.sty))
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.sty)
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsopn.sty))
(./long_equation.aux) [1{/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/upd
map/pdftex.map}] (./long_equation.aux))
457 words of node memory still in use:
5 hlist, 2 vlist, 2 rule, 2 glue, 4 kern, 1 glyph, 7 attribute, 48 glue_spec
, 7 attribute_list, 1 write nodes
avail lists: 1:2,2:8427,3:15206,4:322,5:1711,6:3,7:17655,8:12931,9:6966,11:1
</usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype/public/lm/lmroman12-regular.
otf></usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmex10.p
fb></usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi12.pf
b></usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi6.pfb>
</usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi8.pfb></
usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.pfb></us
r/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr6.pfb></usr/l
ocal/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr8.pfb></usr/loca
l/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmsy10.pfb></usr/local
/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmsy8.pfb></usr/local/t
exlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti12.pfb>
Output written on long_equation.pdf (1 page, 157834 bytes).
Transcript written on long_equation.log.
>
Here is the log file
>cat long_equation.log
This is LuaTeX, Version 1.07.0 (TeX Live 2018) (format=lualatex 2018.12.4) 7 JAN 2019 11:58
restricted system commands enabled.
**long_equation.tex
(./long_equation.tex
LaTeX2e <2018-04-01> patch level 5
Lua module: luaotfload-main 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload entry point
Lua module: luaotfload-init 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / initializatio
n
Lua module: lualibs 2018-10-18 2.61 ConTeXt Lua standard libraries.
Lua module: lualibs-extended 2018-10-18 2.61 ConTeXt Lua libraries -- extended c
ollection.
Lua module: luaotfload-log 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / logging
Lua module: luaotfload-parsers 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / filelist
Lua module: luaotfload-configuration 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / conf
ig file reader
luaotfload | conf : Root cache directory is /home/me/.texlive2018/texmf-var/luat
ex-cache/generic/names.
luaotfload | init : Loading fontloader “fontloader-2018-10-28.lua” from kpse
-resolved path “/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/luatex/luaotfload/fontl
oader-2018-10-28.lua”.
Lua-only attribute luaotfload@state = 1
Lua-only attribute luaotfload@noligature = 2
Lua-only attribute luaotfload@syllabe = 3
luaotfload | init : Context OpenType loader version “3.106”
Inserting `luaotfload.node_processor' at position 1 in `pre_linebreak_filter'.
Inserting `luaotfload.node_processor' at position 1 in `hpack_filter'.
Lua module: luaotfload-loaders 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / callback h
andling
Inserting `luaotfload.define_font' at position 1 in `define_font'.
Lua module: luaotfload-database 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / database
Lua module: luaotfload-colors 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / color
Lua-only attribute luaotfload_color_attribute = 4
Lua module: luaotfload-resolvers 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / resolver
s
luaotfload | conf : Root cache directory is /home/me/.texlive2018/texmf-var/luat
ex-cache/generic/names.
Lua module: luaotfload-features 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / features
Lua module: luaotfload-letterspace 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / color
Lua module: luaotfload-auxiliary 2018-10-28 2.93 luaotfload submodule / auxiliar
y functions
Inserting `luaotfload.aux.set_sscale_dimens' at position 1 in `luaotfload.patch_
font'.
Inserting `luaotfload.aux.patch_cambria_domh' at position 2 in `luaotfload.patch
_font'.
Inserting `luaotfload.aux.fixup_fontdata' at position 1 in `luaotfload.patch_fon
t_unsafe'.
Inserting `luaotfload.aux.set_capheight' at position 3 in `luaotfload.patch_font
'.
Inserting `luaotfload.rewrite_fontname' at position 4 in `luaotfload.patch_font'
.
luaotfload | main : initialization completed in 0.159 seconds
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/article.cls
Document Class: article 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size12.clo
File: size12.clo 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX file (size option)
luaotfload | db : Font names database loaded from /home/me/.texlive2018/texmf-va
r/luatex-cache/generic/names/luaotfload-names.luc)
\c@part=\count80
\c@section=\count81
\c@subsection=\count82
\c@subsubsection=\count83
\c@paragraph=\count84
\c@subparagraph=\count85
\c@figure=\count86
\c@table=\count87
\abovecaptionskip=\skip41
\belowcaptionskip=\skip42
\bibindent=\dimen102
)
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsmath.sty
Package: amsmath 2017/09/02 v2.17a AMS math features
\@mathmargin=\skip43
For additional information on amsmath, use the `?' option.
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amstext.sty
Package: amstext 2000/06/29 v2.01 AMS text
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsgen.sty
File: amsgen.sty 1999/11/30 v2.0 generic functions
\@emptytoks=\toks14
\ex@=\dimen103
))
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsbsy.sty
Package: amsbsy 1999/11/29 v1.2d Bold Symbols
\pmbraise@=\dimen104
)
(/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsmath/amsopn.sty
Package: amsopn 2016/03/08 v2.02 operator names
)
\inf@bad=\count88
LaTeX Info: Redefining \frac on input line 213.
\uproot@=\count89
\leftroot@=\count90
LaTeX Info: Redefining \overline on input line 375.
\classnum@=\count91
\DOTSCASE@=\count92
LaTeX Info: Redefining \ldots on input line 472.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \dots on input line 475.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \cdots on input line 596.
\Mathstrutbox@=\box26
\strutbox@=\box27
\big@size=\dimen105
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring font encoding OML on input line 712.
LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring font encoding OMS on input line 713.
\macc@depth=\count93
\c@MaxMatrixCols=\count94
\dotsspace@=\muskip10
\c@parentequation=\count95
\dspbrk@lvl=\count96
\tag@help=\toks15
\row@=\count97
\column@=\count98
\maxfields@=\count99
\andhelp@=\toks16
\eqnshift@=\dimen106
\alignsep@=\dimen107
\tagshift@=\dimen108
\tagwidth@=\dimen109
\totwidth@=\dimen110
\lineht@=\dimen111
\@envbody=\toks17
\multlinegap=\skip44
\multlinetaggap=\skip45
\mathdisplay@stack=\toks18
LaTeX Info: Redefining \[ on input line 2817.
LaTeX Info: Redefining \] on input line 2818.
)
(./long_equation.aux)
\openout1 = long_equation.aux
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for TU/lmr/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 6.
LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 6.
[1
{/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-var/fonts/map/pdftex/updmap/pdftex.map}] (./long
_equation.aux))
Here is how much of LuaTeX's memory you used:
889 strings out of 494407
381512,89155 words of node,token memory allocated
457 words of node memory still in use:
5 hlist, 2 vlist, 2 rule, 2 glue, 4 kern, 1 glyph, 7 attribute, 48 glue_spec,
7 attribute_list, 1 write nodes
avail lists: 1:2,2:8427,3:15206,4:322,5:1711,6:3,7:17655,8:12931,9:6966,11:1
5106 multiletter control sequences out of 65536+600000
32 fonts using 1918303 bytes
27i,8n,20p,32516b,125s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,90000000b,100000s
</usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/opentype/public/lm/lmroman12-regular.o
tf></usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmex10.pfb
></usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi12.pfb><
/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi6.pfb></us
r/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmmi8.pfb></usr/l
ocal/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr12.pfb></usr/loca
l/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr6.pfb></usr/local/te
xlive/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmr8.pfb></usr/local/texliv
e/2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmsy10.pfb></usr/local/texlive/
2018/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmsy8.pfb></usr/local/texlive/201
8/texmf-dist/fonts/type1/public/amsfonts/cm/cmti12.pfb>
Output written on long_equation.pdf (1 page, 157834 bytes).
PDF statistics: 55 PDF objects out of 1000 (max. 8388607)
38 compressed objects within 1 object stream
0 named destinations out of 1000 (max. 131072)
1 words of extra memory for PDF output out of 10000 (max. 100000000)
>
TL 2018 on Linux.
.log
? – Werner Jan 7 '19 at 17:46align
works differently. (Normallyalign
ed equations that are too wide start at the leftmost edge of the text area; this one starts at the centre.) – Circumscribe Jan 7 '19 at 18:01