3

I have a little optical Problem with an horizontal alignment in a pmatrix. I would like to get an output like the below but the \vdots doesn't look nice. I would like to replace the two \vdots in the first and the third vector with one, vertically centered \vdots. I have tried a \multicolumn{1}{c}{\multirow{4}{*}{\vdots}} like I would in a table but that gave me just a weird output. I hope someone could help me since I didn't find anything in the Internet. Here's a MWE with my problem. Thanks in advance for any kind of help.

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsfonts, 
            amsmath, 
            amssymb, 
            amsthm}
\usepackage{array}
\begin{document}
    \begin{equation*}
        e_1=\begin{pmatrix}
            1\\
            0\\
            \\
            \vdots\\
            \vdots\\
            \\
            0
        \end{pmatrix},\qquad\dots\qquad
        e_i = \begin{pmatrix}
            0\\
            \vdots\\
            0\\
            1\\
            0\\
            \vdots\\
            0
        \end{pmatrix},\qquad\dots\qquad
            e_r=\begin{pmatrix}
            0\\
            \\
            \vdots\\
            \vdots\\
            \\
            0\\
            1
        \end{pmatrix}.
    \end{equation*}
\end{document}

Graphic of my problem

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1 Answer 1

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4

Using vertical dots that have the same height as digits, possibly.

\documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}

\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsthm}

\newcommand{\lowvdots}{\vphantom{0}\smash{\vdots}}

\begin{document}

\begin{equation*}
e_1=
\begin{pmatrix}
  1\\
  0\\
  \\
  \lowvdots\\
  \\
  \\
  0
\end{pmatrix},
\quad\dots\quad
e_i=
\begin{pmatrix}
  0\\
  \lowvdots\\
  0\\
  1\\
  0\\
  \lowvdots\\
  0
\end{pmatrix},
\quad\dots\quad
e_r=
\begin{pmatrix}
  0\\
   \\
   \\
  \lowvdots\\
   \\
  0\\
  1
\end{pmatrix}.
\end{equation*}

\end{document}

enter image description here

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1
  • I dont really see the difference between in the result of \vdots and \lowvdots. But this looks better than my first solution. I'm just curious if it would look even better when the dots are centered between the to zeros or if this is the nicer solution.
    – Kai
    Jan 26, 2019 at 10:16

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