Workaround
\documentclass[varwidth=10cm]{standalone} % Replace this!
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{newpxtext, classico, textcomp, eulerpx}
\begin{document}
$\textsf{á\ â\ ã\ ä}\qquad{\acute{\mathsf a}\ \hat{\mathsf a}\ \tilde{\mathsf a}\ \ddot{\mathsf a}}\qquad\mathsf{\Delta\ \Theta\ \Lambda\ \Xi}$
$\textrm{á\ â\ ã\ ä}\qquad\mathrm{\acute{a}\ \hat{a}\ \tilde{a}\ \ddot{a}}$
\end{document}

This sets the sans-serif font to the one recommended for the eulerpx
package, classico
. It requires getnonfreefonts
to install. However, the lowercase a in Palatino (newpx) and Optima (Classico) look very similar to each other, and therefore you might prefer another sans-serif math font if you need to distinguish \mathrm{a}
and \mathsans{a}
.
In the Modern Toolchain
AMS Euler, Palatino and Optima all have free OpenType clones usable in unicode-math
.
\documentclass[varwidth=10cm]{standalone}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage[math-style=upright]{unicode-math}
\defaultfontfeatures{Scale = MatchLowercase}
\setmainfont{TeX Gyre Pagella}[Scale = 1.0]
\setsansfont{URW Classico}
\setmathfont{Asana Math}
%\setmathfont[range=sfup]{URW Classico}
%\setmathfont[range=bfsfup]{URW Classico Bold}
%\setmathfont[range=sfit]{URW Classico Italic}
%\setmathfont[range=bfsfit]{URW Classico Bold Italic}
\setmathfont[range={up, bfup, cal, bfcal, frak, bffrak}]{Neo Euler}
\begin{document}
\[\textsf{á\ â\ ã\ ä} \qquad
\symsfup{\acute{a}\ \hat{a}\ \tilde{a}\ \ddot{a}} \qquad
\symsfup{\Delta\ \Theta\ \Lambda\ \Xi} \hfill
\]
\[
\textrm{á\ â\ ã\ ä} \qquad
\mathnormal{\acute{a}\ \hat{a}\ \tilde{a}\ \ddot{a}} \qquad
\mathrm{\acute{a}\ \hat{a}\ \tilde{a}\ \ddot{a}}
\]
\end{document}

If you load URW Classico with range=sfup
, the placement of your math accents over sans-serif letters will be wrong, so I simply left the default sans-serif math letters from Asana in place. I would suggest defining a different math version for sans-serif math, but (as of March 2019) the range =
and version =
options of \setmathfont
do not work together.
\hat{\mathsf{a}}
for accented sans-serif math. If your surrounded text would be sans-serif and you would want math to blend in then it'd be another story.