One simple approach is to use open
with o-o
option:
\draw (0,0) to ++(1,0) to[open,o-o,l={$U_\sim$}] ++(1,0) to ++(1,0);
Or else, custom component customV
can be defined and used:
\draw (3.5,0) to[customV,l={$U_\sim$}] ++(3,0);

MWE:
\documentclass[border=3mm]{standalone}
\usepackage{circuitikz}
\makeatletter
\pgfcircdeclarebipole{}{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/open/height}}{customV}{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/open/height}}{\ctikzvalof{bipoles/vsource/width}}{
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{\pgf@circ@res@left}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{ocirc}{center}{}{}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
\pgftransformshift{\pgfpoint{2\pgf@circ@res@right}{0pt}}
\pgfnode{ocirc}{center}{}{}{\pgfusepath{draw}}
}
\def\pgf@circ@customV@path#1{\pgf@circ@bipole@path{customV}{#1}}
\compattikzset{customV/.style = {\circuitikzbasekey, /tikz/to path=\pgf@circ@customV@path, label=#1}}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\begin{circuitikz}
\draw (0,0) to ++(1,0) to[open,o-o,l={$U_\sim$}] ++(1,0) to ++(1,0);
\draw (3.5,0) to[customV,l={$U_\sim$}] ++(3,0);
\end{circuitikz}
\end{document}