Shade always uses the bounding rectangle, so "rotating and clipping" as suggested by egreg is a way to go. transform canvas
also works but has sometimes weird side effects.
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pgfdeclareverticalshading{titlepage}{3cm}
{color(0cm)=(red); color(0.5cm)=(blue); color(3cm)=(yellow)}
\newsavebox\UlrikeShading
\newsavebox\UlrikeShadingB
\begin{document}
\savebox\UlrikeShading{%
\tikz{\shade[shading=titlepage] (0,0) rectangle (2\paperwidth+3cm,2cm);}}
\savebox\UlrikeShadingB{%
\tikz{\shade[shading=axis,
top color=yellow,
bottom color=blue] (0,0) rectangle (2\paperwidth+3cm,2cm);}}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\begin{scope}
\clip ([yshift=4cm]current page.west)--++(15:1.2\paperwidth)--++(0,-2cm) --([yshift=2cm]current page.west)--cycle;
\path ([yshift=3cm]current page.west) +(15:0.6\paperwidth)
node[rotate=15] {\usebox\UlrikeShading};
\end{scope}
\begin{scope}
\clip(current page.west)--++(15:1.2\paperwidth)--++(0,-2cm) --([yshift=-2cm]current page.west)--cycle;
\path ([yshift=-1cm]current page.west) +(15:0.6\paperwidth)
node[rotate=15] {\usebox\UlrikeShadingB};
\end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\mbox{}
\end{document}

P.S. I am not sure I understand the purpose of the dimension you chose in \documentclass{report}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pgfdeclareverticalshading{titlepage}{...
.
P.P.S. A visual explanation of what's going on. If you look at
\documentclass{report}
\usepackage{tikz}
\pagestyle{empty}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[overlay,remember picture]
\shade[shading=axis,
top color=yellow,
bottom color=blue,
%middle color=red,
shading angle=30 %????
](current page.west)--++(15:1.2\paperwidth)--++(0,-2cm) --([yshift=-2cm]current page.west)--cycle;
\shade[shading=axis,
top color=yellow,
bottom color=blue,
%middle color=red,
shading angle=30]
([yshift={2cm+sin(15)*1.2\paperwidth}]current page.south west)
rectangle (current page.south east);
\draw ([yshift=2cm]current page.south west)
--++(15:1.2\paperwidth)--++(0,-2cm) --(current page.south west)--cycle;
\end{tikzpicture}
\mbox{}
\end{document}

then you see what you get: the region bounded by the solid line of the full rectangle. The shading angle refers to the shading angle of the full rectangle, which gets distorted by the dimensions of the embedding rectangle compared to what you need. This also explains that you do not get the full spectrum of colors, simply because you cut out a bit of the "big picture". You can rectify this as above or by using transform canvas
, which I will be happy to add to the answer but I hesitate because it can do harm in other applications.