How can I reduce the size of matrix?

Question

How can I reduce the size of below matrix? (i.e. this matrix is wide, i want to reduce the distance of entries.)

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{blkarray, bigstrut} %
\begin{document}
\begin{equation*}
\mathbf{S}=
\begin{blockarray}{*{10}{c} l}
\begin{block}{*{10}{>{$\footnotesize}c<{$}} l}
Rose & Teal & Plum & Sand & Peach & & & & & &\\
\end{block}
\begin{block}{[*{10}{c}]>{$\footnotesize}l<{$}}
1&0 &\cdots & 0     & 1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0 \bigstrut[t] & small \\
1&0 &\cdots & 0     &-1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0              & medium \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 & 1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 &-1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  1   & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  -1  & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &1               &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &-1              &        \\
\end{block}
\end{blockarray}
\end{equation*}
\end{document}

Answer 1

Since you don't say exactly what it is that you want to be reduced and what not, I'm just guessing that you want the matrix itself to be smaller. (I haven't changed any of your other code, just added \footnotesize around the matrix.)

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{blkarray, bigstrut} %
\begin{document}

\begin{equation*}
\mathbf{S}=
{\footnotesize
\begin{blockarray}{*{10}{c} l}
\begin{block}{*{10}{>{$\footnotesize}c<{$}} l}
Rose & Teal & Plum & Sand & Peach & & & & & &\\
\end{block}
\begin{block}{[*{10}{c}]>{$\footnotesize}l<{$}}
1&0 &\cdots & 0     & 1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0 \bigstrut[t] & small \\
1&0 &\cdots & 0     &-1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0              & medium \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 & 1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 &-1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  1   & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  -1  & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &1               &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &-1              &        \\
\end{block}
\end{blockarray}
}
\end{equation*}

\end{document}

Answer 2

Same as others, I'm not sure what you really want to reduce, but my idea is you may be able to divide the big matrix into four small matrices. Along the diagonal, you have matrix T and upper right and bottom left corners have 4x4 all zero matrices.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{blkarray, bigstrut} %
\begin{document}

\[
\mathbf{T}=
\begin{blockarray}{*{6}{c} l}
\begin{block}{*{6}{>{$\footnotesize}c<{$}} l}
Rose & Teal & Plum & Sand & Peach & & \\
\end{block}
\begin{block}{[*{6}{c}]>{$\footnotesize}l<{$}}
1&0 &\cdots & 0     & 1 & 0 & small  \\
1&0 &\cdots & 0     &-1\phantom{-} & 0 & medium \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 & 1 & large  \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 &-1\phantom{-} & large  \\
\end{block}
\end{blockarray}
\]
%
\[
\mathbf{S}=\begin{bmatrix}
\textbf{T} & \textbf{0} \\
\textbf{0} & \textbf{T}
\end{bmatrix}
\]

\end{document}

Answer 3

You may reduce the intercolumn space, which blkarray decides in a different way than for array.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{mathtools}
\usepackage{blkarray, bigstrut} %
\begin{document}
\begin{equation*}
\addtolength{\csname BA@colsep\endcsname}{-4pt}
\mathbf{S}=
\begin{blockarray}{*{10}{c} l}
\begin{block}{*{10}{>{$\footnotesize}c<{$}} l}
Rose & Teal & Plum & Sand & Peach & & & & & &\\
\end{block}
\begin{block}{[*{10}{c}]>{$\footnotesize}@{\quad}l<{$}}
1&0 &\cdots & 0     & 1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0 \bigstrut[t] & small \\
1&0 &\cdots & 0     &-1 & 0 &      &\cdots &      & 0              & medium \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 & 1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
0&1 &0      &\cdots & 0 &-1 &0     &\cdots &      & 0              & large \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
 &  &       &       &   &   &      &       &      &                &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  1   & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 1 & 0 &\cdots&    0  &  -1  & 0              &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &1               &        \\
0&  &\cdots &       & 0 & 1 & 0    &\cdots &  0   &-1              &        \\
\end{block}
\end{blockarray}
\end{equation*}
\end{document}