Center text in multirow table

Question

I'm begin in LaTeX and I generated the following table with the help of an online table generator. However, I have some issues with the centering of some cell contents.

Here is my code:

\documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}
\IEEEoverridecommandlockouts
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}
\usepackage{algorithmic}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{pgfplots}\pgfplotsset{compat=1.16}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{array}
\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{#1}}
\newcolumntype{N}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.5in}}
\newcolumntype{G}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{2in}}
\def\BibTeX{{\rm B\kern-.05em{\sc i\kern-.025em b}\kern-.08em
  T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
%%\usepackage{array}
%%\newcolumntype{C}[1]{>{\centering\arraybackslash}m{#1}}
\begin{document}

\begin{table*}[htbp!]
\caption{Data quality alteration}
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|C{1cm}|C{0.7cm}|C{1.7cm}|C{0.7cm}|C{1.7cm}|C{0.7cm}|C{1.7cm}|C{0.7cm}|C{1.7cm}|C{0.7cm}|C{1.7cm}|}
\hline
\multirow{3}{=}{\begin{tabular}[c]{@{}c@{}}\ \textbf{}\\\textbf{Anomaly}\end{tabular}} 
& \multicolumn{10}{c|}{\textbf{System variables }} \\ \cline{2-11} 
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{$t_{m}$}} 
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{$s_{p}$}} 
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{$o_{v}$}} 
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{$l_{ft}$}} 
& \multicolumn{2}{c|}{\textbf{$l_{ot}$}} \\ 
\cline{2-11} 
& \textbf{$\vec{DQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{IQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{DQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{IQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{DQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{IQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{DQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{IQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{DQV}$} 
& \textbf{$\vec{IQV}$} \\ 
\cline{2-11} 
& \textbf{\{$i_{inc}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$cd_{err},ed_{coh}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$i_{inc}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$cd_{err},ed_{coh}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$i_{inc}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$cd_{err},ed_{coh}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$i_{inc}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$cd_{err},ed_{coh}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$i_{inc}$\}} 
& \textbf{\{$cd_{err},ed_{coh}$\}} \\ 
\hline
\textbf{Normal} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\ \hline
\textbf{Port scan} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\ \hline
\textbf{PLC STOP} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{18}\} & \{\textbf{true}\} & \{\textbf{true,50}\} & \{\textbf{true}\} & \{\textbf{true,50}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{-2}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{-2}\} \\ \hline
\textbf{MITM attack on $s_{p}$} & \{false\} & \{\textbf{true},\textbf{29}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{50}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{50}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{-2}\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{-2}\} \\ \hline
\textbf{MITM attack on $o_{v}$} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{-13}\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,\textbf{50}\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\label{tab4}
\end{center}
\end{table*}
\end{document}

Thanks for your help.

Answer 1

I would like to recommend that you take the following measures:

• give the table a much more open "look", mainly by omitting all vertical rules and using fewer, but well-spaced horizontal rules. (The latter may be achieved by loading the booktabs package and employing its macros \toprule, \midrule, etc.) I

• employ a tabularx environment and let the first column automatically insert line breaks in cells as needed

• use the basic c column type for all ten data columns

• do not bold-face all header cells unless you feel an acute urge to yell at your readers

• set \setlength\tabcolsep{4.5pt} to obviate the need for text wrapping in the first column

• replace \vec{...} with \overset{\longrightarrow}{...}.

This is how the resulting table looks like:

I would like to argue that by giving the table a more open look, the issue of whether or not some cells "look centered" more or less vanishes automatically.

\documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}
\IEEEoverridecommandlockouts

%% (omitted all preamble code that doesn't affect the table)

\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{tabularx,booktabs,ragged2e,bm,newtxmath} % new packages

\begin{document} 

\begin{table*}
\setlength\tabcolsep{4.5pt} % default: 6pt
\caption{Data quality alteration} \label{tab4}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} X *{10}{c} @{}}
\toprule
Anomaly & \multicolumn{10}{c@{}}{System variables} \\
\cmidrule(l){2-11}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$t_{m}$}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$s_{p}$}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$o_{v}$}
& \multicolumn{2}{c}{$l_{\mathit{ft}}$}
& \multicolumn{2}{c@{}}{$l_{\mathit{ot}}$} \\
\cmidrule(lr){2-3} \cmidrule(lr){4-5} \cmidrule(lr){6-7} \cmidrule(lr){8-9} \cmidrule(l){10-11}
& $\overset{\longrightarrow}{DQV}$ & $\overset{\longrightarrow}{IQV}$
& $\overset{\longrightarrow}{DQV}$ & $\overset{\longrightarrow}{IQV}$
& $\overset{\longrightarrow}{DQV}$ & $\overset{\longrightarrow}{IQV}$
& $\overset{\longrightarrow}{DQV}$ & $\overset{\longrightarrow}{IQV}$
& $\overset{\longrightarrow}{DQV}$ & $\overset{\longrightarrow}{IQV}$ \\
\addlinespace
& \{$i_{\textrm{inc}}$\} & \{$\mathit{cd}_{\textrm{err}},\mathit{ed}_{\textrm{coh}}$\}
& \{$i_{\textrm{inc}}$\} & \{$\mathit{cd}_{\textrm{err}},\mathit{ed}_{\textrm{coh}}$\}
& \{$i_{\textrm{inc}}$\} & \{$\mathit{cd}_{\textrm{err}},\mathit{ed}_{\textrm{coh}}$\}
& \{$i_{\textrm{inc}}$\} & \{$\mathit{cd}_{\textrm{err}},\mathit{ed}_{\textrm{coh}}$\}
& \{$i_{\textrm{inc}}$\} & \{$\mathit{cd}_{\textrm{err}},\mathit{ed}_{\textrm{coh}}$\} \\
\midrule
Normal & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\
\addlinespace % \hline
Port scan & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\
\addlinespace % \hline
PLC STOP & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{18}$\} & \{\textbf{true}\} & \{\textbf{true},$\bm{50}$\} & \{\textbf{true}\} & \{\textbf{true},$\bm{50}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{-2}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{-2}$\} \\
\addlinespace % \hline
MITM attack on $s_{p}$ & \{false\} & \{\textbf{true},$\bm{29}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{50}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{50}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{-2}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{-2}$\} \\
\addlinespace % \hline
MITM attack on $o_{v}$ & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{-13}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,2\} & \{false\} & \{false,$\bm{50}$\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} & \{false\} & \{false,0\} \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*}
\end{document} 

Answer 2

Here is the table I want to adapt:

The adapted code would be:

\begin{table*}
\setlength\tabcolsep{4.5pt}
\caption{Nodes closeness centrality}\label{tab3}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{@{} X *{12}{c} @{}}
\toprule
& \multicolumn{2}{c@{}}{Digital subsystems} 
& \multicolumn{5}{c@{}}{Physical subsystems} 
& \multicolumn{5}{c@{}}{System variables}\\
\cmidrule(l){2-3} \cmidrule(l){4-8} \cmidrule(l){9-13}
\addlinespace
Node & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
\addlinespace
Node & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 \\
\bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*} 

But I don't have the expected result: Updated result: