# Make Diagrams with TikZ LaTeX with ellipses, arrows and text

I've never drawn a diagram in latex. However, I know that many people use the tikz package.I am writing some measure theoretic probability notes and I need to write some diagrams to illustrate various set-theoretic definitoins.

Most likely they will involve:

• Ellipses and Circles with other inner circles / ellipses of different colors (or linetype).
• Arrows (possibly curved) of different colors connecting some ellipses / circles.
• Some labels

Here's an example, this is a diagram for the definition of a probability distribution. Could anyone help me draw this?

• Have you done something of code? I would use to build your image quickly Mathcha :-) – Sebastiano Feb 26 at 22:48
• @Sebastiano I'm not sure what you mean "something of code"? – Euler_Salter Feb 26 at 22:50
• A small compilable code in LaTeX of your work. – Sebastiano Feb 26 at 22:51
• Excuse me: I have not seen well that you "I've never drawn a diagram in latex." – Sebastiano Feb 26 at 23:02
• Matcha is actually amazing! – Euler_Salter Feb 26 at 23:45

This is a start. As usual, the most difficult part is to punch in the texts.

\documentclass[tikz,border=3mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.geometric,quotes}
\usepackage{dsfont}% IMHO nicer double stroke symbols than those from AMS
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick,auto,>=stealth,every edge/.append style={->},
elli/.style={ellipse,draw,inner sep=0pt,
simplify={#1},minimum width=2*\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/ellpar/a},
minimum height=2*\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/ellpar/b}},
simplify/.code={\tikzset{ellpar/.cd,#1}},
ellpar/.cd,a/.initial=1cm,b/.initial=1cm]
\draw[brown,->] (-3,0) -- (4,0) node[right]{$\mathds{R}$};
\path (-1.5,0) node[label=below:$0$]{$[$} (1.5,0) node[label=below:$1$]{$]$}
(0,0) node[circle,fill,inner sep=2pt,
label={[black]below:$(P\circ\chi^{-1})(B)$}](P){};
\path (-2,4) node[purple,elli={a=1.6cm,b=3cm},
label={[purple]below:$\mathcal{F}$}]{}
(-1.7,5) node[purple!50,elli={a=0.7cm,b=0.9cm},
label={[purple!50]left:$\Omega$}](Omega){}
(-1.5,3) node[purple!50!black,elli={a=0.6cm,b=0.6cm},
label={[purple!50!black]left:$\chi^{-1}(B)$}](chiB){}
(2,4) node[green!70!black,elli={a=1.6cm,b=3cm},
label={[green!70!black]below:$\mathcal{A}$}]{}
(1.7,5) node[green,elli={a=0.7cm,b=0.9cm},
label={[green]right:$\chi$}](chi){}
(1.7,3) node[green!50!black,elli={a=0.7cm,b=0.6cm},
label={[green!50!black]right:$B$}] (B){}
(B) edge[bend right,"$\chi^{-1}$"] (chiB)
(B) edge[bend left,"$\chi_*\mathds{P}$"'] (P)
(chiB) edge[bend right,"$\mathds{P}$"] (P) ;
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}


I'll add a solution as well, following the comments. I've used the website Mathcha and it works greatly. I've managed to draw the following diagram

using this code (that was generated by the website)


\begin{figure}[!h]
\centering
\tikzset{every picture/.style={line width=0.75pt}} %set default line width to 0.75pt

\begin{tikzpicture}[x=0.75pt,y=0.75pt,yscale=-1,xscale=1]
%uncomment if require: \path (0,384); %set diagram left start at 0, and has height of 384

%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp0482579696829315]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 144; green, 19; blue, 254 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (75.5,136) .. controls (75.5,79.11) and (109.75,33) .. (152,33) .. controls (194.25,33) and (228.5,79.11) .. (228.5,136) .. controls (228.5,192.89) and (194.25,239) .. (152,239) .. controls (109.75,239) and (75.5,192.89) .. (75.5,136) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp40996080429787396]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 189; green, 16; blue, 224 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (127,92) .. controls (127,73.22) and (142.33,58) .. (161.25,58) .. controls (180.17,58) and (195.5,73.22) .. (195.5,92) .. controls (195.5,110.78) and (180.17,126) .. (161.25,126) .. controls (142.33,126) and (127,110.78) .. (127,92) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp04582402067846458]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 65; green, 117; blue, 5 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (347.5,136) .. controls (347.5,79.11) and (381.75,33) .. (424,33) .. controls (466.25,33) and (500.5,79.11) .. (500.5,136) .. controls (500.5,192.89) and (466.25,239) .. (424,239) .. controls (381.75,239) and (347.5,192.89) .. (347.5,136) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp47373381023844297]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 126; green, 211; blue, 33 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (373,94) .. controls (373,75.22) and (388.33,60) .. (407.25,60) .. controls (426.17,60) and (441.5,75.22) .. (441.5,94) .. controls (441.5,112.78) and (426.17,128) .. (407.25,128) .. controls (388.33,128) and (373,112.78) .. (373,94) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp7159448233242192]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 126; green, 211; blue, 33 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (388,192.25) .. controls (388,181.62) and (397.18,173) .. (408.5,173) .. controls (419.82,173) and (429,181.62) .. (429,192.25) .. controls (429,202.88) and (419.82,211.5) .. (408.5,211.5) .. controls (397.18,211.5) and (388,202.88) .. (388,192.25) -- cycle ;
%Shape: Ellipse [id:dp11899782017937732]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 189; green, 16; blue, 224 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (149,189.25) .. controls (149,178.62) and (158.18,170) .. (169.5,170) .. controls (180.82,170) and (190,178.62) .. (190,189.25) .. controls (190,199.88) and (180.82,208.5) .. (169.5,208.5) .. controls (158.18,208.5) and (149,199.88) .. (149,189.25) -- cycle ;
%Straight Lines [id:da29315226946523265]
\draw    (71,280.5) -- (545,280.5) ;
\draw [shift={(547,280.5)}, rotate = 180] [color={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ][line width=0.75]    (10.93,-3.29) .. controls (6.95,-1.4) and (3.31,-0.3) .. (0,0) .. controls (3.31,0.3) and (6.95,1.4) .. (10.93,3.29)   ;
%Straight Lines [id:da6582539635089761]
\draw    (190,272.5) -- (190,290.5) ;
%Straight Lines [id:da4782166124980569]
\draw    (370,273.5) -- (370,291.5) ;
%Shape: Circle [id:dp7012931433037322]
\draw  [color={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ,draw opacity=1 ][fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ,fill opacity=1 ][line width=0.75]  (259.5,280.75) .. controls (259.5,279.23) and (260.73,278) .. (262.25,278) .. controls (263.77,278) and (265,279.23) .. (265,280.75) .. controls (265,282.27) and (263.77,283.5) .. (262.25,283.5) .. controls (260.73,283.5) and (259.5,282.27) .. (259.5,280.75) -- cycle ;
%Curve Lines [id:da9435238118803428]
\draw    (408.5,211.5) .. controls (411.97,255.06) and (361.03,265.3) .. (267.84,280.29) ;
\draw [shift={(265,280.75)}, rotate = 350.88] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 0; green, 0; blue, 0 }  ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (8.93,-4.29) -- (0,0) -- (8.93,4.29) -- cycle    ;
%Curve Lines [id:da5007624221974134]
\draw [color={rgb, 255:red, 188; green, 188; blue, 188 }  ,draw opacity=0.54 ]   (169.5,208.5) .. controls (158.17,233.13) and (203.6,252.9) .. (257.05,279.53) ;
\draw [shift={(259.5,280.75)}, rotate = 206.57] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 188; green, 188; blue, 188 }  ,fill opacity=0.54 ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (8.93,-4.29) -- (0,0) -- (8.93,4.29) -- cycle    ;
%Curve Lines [id:da7675233569004112]
\draw [color={rgb, 255:red, 188; green, 188; blue, 188 }  ,draw opacity=0.52 ]   (408.5,173) .. controls (401.08,127.95) and (222.62,97.12) .. (180.24,167.34) ;
\draw [shift={(179,169.5)}, rotate = 298.72] [fill={rgb, 255:red, 188; green, 188; blue, 188 }  ,fill opacity=0.52 ][line width=0.08]  [draw opacity=0] (8.93,-4.29) -- (0,0) -- (8.93,4.29) -- cycle    ;

% Text Node
\draw (118,111) node    {$\Omega$};
% Text Node
\draw (96,229) node    {$\mathcal{F}$};
% Text Node
\draw (446,125) node    {$\mathsf{E}$};
% Text Node
\draw (486,217) node    {$\mathcal{E}$};
% Text Node
\draw (439,195) node    {$B$};
% Text Node
\draw (121,185) node    {$X^{-1}( B)$};
% Text Node
\draw (538,263) node    {$\mathbb{R}$};
% Text Node
\draw (191,300) node    {$0$};
% Text Node
\draw (371,302) node    {$1$};
% Text Node
\draw (268,300) node    {$\left(\mathbb{P} \circ X^{-1}\right)( B)$};
% Text Node
\draw (337,247) node    {$X_{*}\mathbb{P}$};
% Text Node
\draw (221,243) node    {$\mathbb{P}$};
% Text Node
\draw (289,109) node    {$X^{-1}$};
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Diagram of Probability Distribution as a Pushforward Measure}
\end{figure}

• Very nice....is it simple to realize? :-) – Sebastiano Feb 27 at 0:22
• Super simple, it works just like draw.io – Euler_Salter Feb 27 at 0:43