# Split environment causing chaotic alignments

I am having some trouble trying to split my equations to get the desired effect that I want. The first picture is how I want to be able to align my equations, the only difference is that in the first picture I have page margins set to 0.45in and now I need to have them set to 1.0in.

When I adjust the margins to 1.0 in with the code below, I get the second picture where the equation number is being pushed down to the next line because the expression on the first line is too long:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amssymb}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage[margin=0.45in, includefoot]{geometry}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{enumitem}
\usepackage{ stmaryrd }
\usepackage{comment}
\usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\usepackage{framed}
\usepackage{sectsty}
\usepackage{apacite}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}

\begin{document}
\begin{align*}
\min_{L_{t}} \quad & \sum_{t=1}^T\sum_{i=1}^I\sum_{j=1}^J \hspace{0.5em}\beta^{t-1} \left[  (c + p\thinspace\tau\thinspace\alpha^{(i,j)} + f^{h}) L_{t}^{(i,j)}G_{t,NewGrowth}^{(i,j)}  + \alpha^{(i,j)}(\tilde{f} + p\tau)\thinspace G_{t,PostTreatment}^{(i,j)}\right]\\[5pt]
\text{s.t.} \quad & B_{t,PreDispersal}^{(i,j)} = \rho G_{t-1,PostTreatment}^{(i,j)} & \forall i,j,t \quad \tag{1}
\end{align*}
\end{document}


I know that I have to use a split or multline environment, but everytime that I do my equations just blow up off of the page or their alignment becomes chaotic. Here is an example with the split environment.

Ideally I would like to be able to split the first expression into two lines and have the equations numbers lined up and not pushed down to the lines below.

• Change & \forall to \qquad \forall. – Donald Arseneau May 27 '20 at 3:42

I see no need for the & symbol before \forall i,j,t in the second row. A \quad or \qquad spacing directive should suffice.

I would use an aligned environment inside an equation environment; this setup generates a single equation number, with the optional argument of aligned ([t] or [b] indicating whether the equation number should be placed at the top or bottom. The default is [c] -- in which case you could also use a split environment in place of the aligned environment.

In the following, I've set {aligned}[b], removed all thinspace directives (\thinspace and \,), rendered the variable names -- NewGrowth etc -- used in various subscripts in the upright Roman font via \mathrm, and loaded the mleftright package to fix some horizontal-spacing issues associated with the use of \left and \right.

An additional suggestion: You may want to think about indicating whether the minimization should be carried out over L_{t} or L_{t}^{(i,j)}; the latter would indicate that there are I\times J\timesT rather than just T choice variables, right? Maybe this point will be utterly obvious to your readers. On the off chance, though, that some of your readers aren't quite up to speed, writing L_{t}^{(i,j)} might just provide them with an extra bit of clarity.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usepackage{mleftright}\mleftright
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage[margin=1in, includefoot]{geometry} % note: "1in"
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{lmodern}
\usepackage{fixcmex} % fix some issues with Latin Modern's scalable operators
\usepackage{enumitem,stmaryrd,comment}
\usepackage[svgnames]{xcolor}
%%%%%%\usepackage{xcolor} % don't load packages more than once
\usepackage{framed}
\usepackage{sectsty}
\usepackage{apacite}
\usepackage[normalem]{ulem}

\begin{document}
\begin{aligned}[b] % 'b' to place eq. number at bottom-right of env. \min_{L_{t}}\quad & \sum_{t=1}^T \sum_{i=1}^I \sum_{j=1}^J \beta^{t-1} \left[ (c + p\tau\alpha^{(i,j)} + f^{h}) L_{t}^{(i,j)} G_{t,\mathrm{NewGrowth}}^{(i,j)} + \alpha^{(i,j)}(\tilde{f} + p\tau) G_{t,\mathrm{PostTreatment}}^{(i,j)} \right] \\[1ex] \text{s.t.}\quad & B_{t,\mathrm{PreDispersal}}^{(i,j)} = \rho G_{t-1,\mathrm{PostTreatment}}^{(i,j)} \quad \forall i,j,t \end{aligned}
\end{document}

• Or split . You forgot to tell the OP that you removed all spacing directives (I agree with you, of course). Also, when lmodern is used, I recommend \usepackage{fixcmex} to get scalable big operators. – egreg May 27 '20 at 9:32
• @egreg - Thanks for these comments and suggestions. I've updated my answer in several places to incorporate your observations. – Mico May 27 '20 at 11:16
• Thanks everybody. Still getting the hang of LaTeX so it's appreciated. – GrayLiterature May 27 '20 at 13:02