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Within an amsart document, you can add a bibliography without a BibTeX file, by directly use the \bibitem command inside a begin{thebibliography} clause. See e.g., here.
Had I used BibTeX, I could also use the bibliographystyle{alpha} to change the style. This does not work in the direct citation format using bibitem. Is there a way to enforce a style on the first option?
Also related , but was asked over 5 years ago without a direct solutions.
The easy method to change the style of bibliography made with a thebibliography environment:
thebibliography environment).\bibliography{...} and \bibliographystyle{...} lines by the whole content of the auxiliar .bbl file, that is just a new thebibliography environment..tex file than can be compiled only with pdflatex, xelated or lualatex, without using bibtex.The hard method to change the style of a thebibliography environment:
\bibitem manually. It could be a good option if there are only a few references. If thi is not the case, good look ...
\bibitemis simply you decided on the formatting yourself, that's rather the pointthebibliographyenvironment for you in a style as specified by the bibstyle. If you choose to write the items yourself, then you have full control over the style.[AS00]for a reference instead of[3])?\bibitem[zzzwibble]{zzz} any text for this reference