Not an answer, but inferring from the manual (75.4 Loops), it may be parsing logic (perhaps also interacting with the definition of edge[loop]
, but that's a guess).
Initial value is ->
, and loop below
and the others have no value set. Note that edge[distance=10pt,loop below]
produces an arrow tip.
MWE
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\begin{document}
\center
\begin{tabular}{cc}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={(A) edge[in=255,out=285,min distance=5mm] (A)}](A) {1};
\draw[thick] (A) edge[in=255,out=285,min distance=5mm] (A);
\end{tikzpicture} &
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={edge[->...}](A) {1};
\draw[thick] (A) edge[->,in=255,out=285,min distance=5mm] (A);
\end{tikzpicture}\\
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={(A) to [loop below] ()}](A) {2};
\draw[thick] (A) to [loop below] ();
\end{tikzpicture} &
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={\textbackslash draw[thick,->]...}](A) {2};
\draw[thick,->] (A) to [loop below] ();
\end{tikzpicture}\\
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={(A) edge[loop below, distance=2mm] (A)}](A) {3};
\draw[thick] (A) edge[loop below, distance=2mm] (A);
\end{tikzpicture}&
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw,pin={edge[->,...}](A) {3};
\draw[thick] (A) edge[->,loop below, distance=2mm] (A);
\end{tikzpicture}\\
\end{tabular}
\begin{tikzpicture}%[every loop/.style={}]
\draw (0,0) edge [red,loop above] () to [loop right] ()
to [loop below] () to [loop left] ();
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every loop/.style={}]
\draw (0,0) edge [loop above] () to [loop right] ()
to [loop below] () to [loop left] ();
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\node [circle,draw] {a} edge [loop above] node {x} ();
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every loop/.style={}]
\node [circle,draw] {a} edge [loop above] node {x} ();
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw](Z) {};
\draw[thick] (Z) edge[red,distance=10pt,loop below] (Z);
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[thick] (0, 0) node[circle, draw](Z) {};
\draw[thick] (Z) edge[loop below,distance=10pt] (Z);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}