# Use longtable to split table into two pages, but gives an error

I want to show a table in my LaTeX document. I want the table can split into 2 pages. My code gives empty space after lorem ipsum, and the table start at new page. This is my code.

\documentclass[a4paper,oneside,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=4cm,bottom=2.7cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath}
\usepackage{lipsum}
%\usepackage{longtable}

\begin{document}
\theoremstyle{definition}%tegak hurufnya
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
\lipsum[1-3]
\begin{example}
This is the examples of t-norm and t-conorm.
\begin{table}[h!]
\centering
\caption{Example of t-norm and t-conorm}
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{tabular}{|m{2cm}|c|c|}
\hline
\hfill \textbf{Name}\hfill \strut&\textbf{t-norm}&\textbf{t-conorm}\\
\hline
Standard intersection/ standard union&\newline$T_m(x,y)=\min(x,y)$&$C_m(x,y)=\max(x,y)$\\
\hline
Bounded sum&$T_b(x,y)=\max(0,x+y-1)$&$C_b(x,y)=\min(1,x+y)$\\
\hline
Algebraic product/ Algebraic sum&$T_p(x,y)=xy$&$C_p(x,y)=x+y-xy$\\
\hline
Drastic&$T_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=1\\ x&\text{if }y=1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
&
$C_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=0\\ x&\text{if }y=0\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Nilpotent minimum/ Nilpotent maximum&$T_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \min(x,y)&\text{if }x+y> 1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \max(x,y)&\text{if }x+y<1\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Hamacher product/ Einstein sum&$T_{H_0}(x,y)= \begin{cases} 0&\text{if }x=y=0\\ \dfrac{xy}{x+y-xy}&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{H_2}(x,y)=\dfrac{x+y}{1+xy}$
\\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\label{tabelnorma}
}
\end{table}
\end{example}
\end{document}


I have read about splitting table into 2 pages at Make a table span multiple pages. I try to use longtable as below.

\documentclass[a4paper,oneside,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=4cm,bottom=2.7cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{array}
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{longtable}

\begin{document}
\theoremstyle{definition}%tegak hurufnya
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
\lipsum[1-3]
\begin{example}
This is the examples of t-norm and t-conorm.
%\begin{table}[h!]
%\centering
%\caption{Example of t-norm and t-conorm} moved into longtable
\resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\begin{longtable}{|m{2cm}|c|c|}
\caption{Example of t-norm and t-conorm}
\hline
\hfill \textbf{Name}\hfill \strut&\textbf{t-norm}&\textbf{t-conorm}\\
\hline
Standard intersection/ standard union&\newline$T_m(x,y)=\min(x,y)$&$C_m(x,y)=\max(x,y)$\\
\hline
Bounded sum&$T_b(x,y)=\max(0,x+y-1)$&$C_b(x,y)=\min(1,x+y)$\\
\hline
Algebraic product/ Algebraic sum&$T_p(x,y)=xy$&$C_p(x,y)=x+y-xy$\\
\hline
Drastic&$T_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=1\\ x&\text{if }y=1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
&
$C_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=0\\ x&\text{if }y=0\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Nilpotent minimum/ Nilpotent maximum&$T_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \min(x,y)&\text{if }x+y> 1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \max(x,y)&\text{if }x+y<1\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Hamacher product/ Einstein sum&$T_{H_0}(x,y)= \begin{cases} 0&\text{if }x=y=0\\ \dfrac{xy}{x+y-xy}&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{H_2}(x,y)=\dfrac{x+y}{1+xy}$
\\
\hline
\label{tabelnorma}
\end{longtable}
}
%\end{table}
\end{example}
\end{document}


I have used longtable, but in this code gives me an error and I can't split the table into two pages.

Anyone can help me?

• Add the missing \\ right after the \caption command. Also, remove the resizebox. Apart from causing inconsistent font sizes when used on tables, here it also causes an error essage. There are better ways to make sure your table fits into the textwidth such as manually decreasing the fonts size (and if needed the value of \tabcolsep) or switching to xltabular. – leandriis Nov 3 '20 at 13:59
• You can't use \resizebox around the longtable if you want it to split across pages. You shouldn't use \resizebox around tables anyway, as that gives non-matching text sizes which is considered bad practice in typography. – Skillmon Nov 3 '20 at 13:59
• Then redesign your table. \resizebox is never the answer and a box like that cannot be broken across pages anyway – daleif Nov 3 '20 at 14:08
• Using resizebox to justify a table is like justifying paragraphs by changing the font size to arbitrarily large or small sizes to make things fit. You should never do that it means that you lose all control over consistent formatting. (for longtable it is not an option as it can not work at all inside any kind of box) – David Carlisle Nov 3 '20 at 14:14
• To make the table as wide as the textwidth, you can use the xltabular package instead of longtable: \begin{xltabular}{\textwidth}{|X|c|c|} – leandriis Nov 3 '20 at 14:15

In the following MWE, I used xltabular instead of resizing a longtable. Additionally, I also added the missing \\  to make the code compilable. Some further changes are commented in the example code below:

\documentclass[a4paper,oneside,11pt]{article}
\usepackage[left=2.5cm,right=2.5cm,top=4cm,bottom=2.7cm]{geometry}
\usepackage{amsmath}
\usepackage{amsthm}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{newtxtext,newtxmath}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\usepackage{xltabular} % Replaced longtable with xltabular to make table as wide as the textwidth.
\renewcommand{\tabularxcolumn}[1]{m{#1}} % To vertically center the contents of the cells
\usepackage[column=0]{cellspace} % improved vertical spacing around cell's contents
\setlength{\cellspacetoplimit}{\tabcolsep}
\setlength{\cellspacebottomlimit}{\cellspacetoplimit}

\begin{document}
\theoremstyle{definition}%tegak hurufnya
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
\lipsum[1-4]
\begin{example}
This is the examples of t-norm and t-conorm.
%        \resizebox{\textwidth}{!}{ % removed resizebox
%            \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
{\setlength{\tabcolsep}{3pt}
\begin{xltabular}{\textwidth}{|>{\raggedright\arraybackslash}0{X}|0c|0c|} % Replaced longtable with xltabular to make table as wide as the textwidth.
\caption{Example of t-norm and t-conorm}\label{tabelnorma} \\ % added missing \\ here.
\hline
\centering \textbf{Name}&\textbf{t-norm}&\textbf{t-conorm}\\ % replaced \hfill with \centering
\hline
Standard intersection/ standard union&\newline$T_m(x,y)=\min(x,y)$&$C_m(x,y)=\max(x,y)$\\
\hline
Bounded sum&$T_b(x,y)=\max(0,x+y-1)$&$C_b(x,y)=\min(1,x+y)$\\
\hline
Algebraic product/ Algebraic sum&$T_p(x,y)=xy$&$C_p(x,y)=x+y-xy$\\
\hline
Drastic&$T_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=1\\ x&\text{if }y=1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
&
$C_D(x,y)= \begin{cases} y&\text{if }x=0\\ x&\text{if }y=0\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Nilpotent minimum/ Nilpotent maximum&$T_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \min(x,y)&\text{if }x+y> 1\\ 0&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{nM}(x,y)= \begin{cases} \max(x,y)&\text{if }x+y<1\\ 1&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$
\\
\hline
Hamacher product/ Einstein sum&$T_{H_0}(x,y)= \begin{cases} 0&\text{if }x=y=0\\ \dfrac{xy}{x+y-xy}&\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$&
$C_{H_2}(x,y)=\dfrac{x+y}{1+xy}$
\\
\hline
%                \label{tabelnorma} % moved label to the caption to avoid overly long vertical lines
\end{xltabular}
}
\end{example}
\end{document}