Is it possible to use the enumerate/itemize environment within the proof/remark environment in a nice way?

I wish to use the enumerate/itemize environment within the proof/remark environment, but when I do this the first number/bullet-point is on the same line as the word 'Remark'/'Proof' indented to the right, and all subsequent number/bullet-points are all aligned nicely below.

I think it looks a bit clumsy. I tried adding a double backslash immediately after \begin{proof} but sometimes this means I have the word Proof at the bottom of a page and on the next page the bullet points start, which looks terrible. Is there a way round this?

here's how it works with amsthm (quoted from the ams author faq):

"When a theorem (proof) begins with a list, how do I keep the first item from running together with the theorem (proof) heading?"

\begin{environment}\leavevmode
\begin{enumerate}\item ...


this will start the list on the next line after the heading.

• One might ask whether a proof consisting of a long enumerated list (with its shifted margin) makes for good typesetting. And for better understanding as well. Jun 12 '12 at 13:50
• @egreg -- didn't say it was a good idea, but an awful lot of authors do it ... Jun 12 '12 at 13:52
• When I'm in charge of the editing, this is one of the first things I remove. "We shall divide the proof into four steps.\par Step 1. ...\par Step 2. ..." or similar. The indent and "Step n" are sufficient to give the required emphasis. Jun 12 '12 at 13:56
• \newenvironment{steps}{\setcounter{step}{0}}{} \newcounter{step} \newcommand{\proofstep}{\par\refstepcounter{step}Step~\thestep.\space\ignorespaces}: this improves consistency. :) Jun 12 '12 at 15:28
• @barbarabeeton unfortunately this does not answer my question. I still have the environment heading at the bottom of a page, and the list starts on the top of the next page in my compiled document. Jun 12 '12 at 22:14

Just write \mbox{} after \begin{proof} or \begin{remark}. If you wish not to have a page break between proof (remark) heading and proof (remark) content, which is only (starts immediately with) your list, then add the \nolisttopbreak macro below. Or combine \mbox and \nolisttopbreak in a new proof environment.

\makeatletter
\makeatother

\newenvironment{listproof}[1][\proofname]{\begin{proof}[#1]\mbox{}\nolisttopbreak}{\end{proof}}


\leavevmode seem to have the same effect as \mbox{}, i.e. page breaks are not suppressed.

You can use the enumerate environment without the paralist package, like this:

\begin{enumerate}[\hspace{0.25cm} 1. ]
\item $\nabla f(x^)=0$
\item $\nabla^2 f(x^)>0$ (positiva definida)
\end{enumerate}


I usually write

\begin{proof} \hfill
\begin{enumerate}
\item
\end{enumerate}
\end{proof}


I use the following environment:

\usepackage{paralist}

\begin{proof}
Seja $f: R^n \mapsto R$ duas vezes diferenci\'avel sobre um dom\'inio $S \in R^n$. Se $x^* \in S$ \'e tal que
\vspace{0.2cm}
\begin{compactenum}[\hspace{0.25cm} 1. ]
\item $\nabla f(x^*)=0$
\item $\nabla^2 f(x^*)>0$ (positiva definida)
\end{compactenum}
\vspace{0.2cm}
ent\~ao $x^*$ \'e um m\'inimo local forte de $f$.

\end{proof}


It works well.