IEEE has formatting problem for table

Question

Hello I am trying to fit a table into half column for a IEEE paper. In order to replicate the problem I prepared a small example:

This is what I have so far but this is the incorrect behavior, notice the absence of spaces between the caption and the absence of space between the table and the paragraph:

\documentclass[conference]{IEEEtran}
\IEEEoverridecommandlockouts
\usepackage{cite}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}
\usepackage{siunitx}    % v3!
\usepackage{ragged2e}
\usepackage{caption} 

\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{hyperref}
\usepackage{booktabs}
\usepackage{mwe}

\usepackage{booktabs, makecell, multirow, tabularx}
\setcellgapes{2pt}
\newcolumntype{L}[1]{>{\RaggedRight\hspace{0pt}%
                     \hsize=#1\hsize}X}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\setlength\intextsep{0pt}


%\usepackage{algorithmic}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{textcomp}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\def\BibTeX{{\rm B\kern-.05em{\sc i\kern-.025em b}\kern-.08em
    T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}
\begin{document}

% Some paragraphs........

\section{Systematic literature review}\label{sec:systematic_review}

\subsection{Analysis of publication data}

Wacker (1998), who identified two broad macrocategories of research methods (analytical and empirical) further divided
into six categories (analytical: conceptual, mathematical and statistical; empirical: experimental design, statistical sam-
pling and case studies). The classification developed by Wacker has already been used by Burgess, Singh, and Korogl
    
\begin{table}[ht]
\centering
\small
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{4pt}
\makegapedcells
\begin{tabularx}{\columnwidth}{@{}L{0.8}L{1.1}L{1.1} @{}}
    \toprule
Type of document    &   Frequency  &   Proportion (\%) \\
    \midrule
    Journal   &   930   &   23\% \\
    Conference Proceeding   &   168   &   23\% \\
    Book series   &   111   &   23\% \\
    Book   &   5   &   23\% \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabularx}
\caption{Types of retrieved documents for 3D ultrasound query}
\label{tab:values}
\end{table}

Wacker (1998), who identified two broad macrocategories of research methods (analytical and empirical) further divided
into six categories (analytical: conceptual, mathematical and statistical; empirical: experimental design, statistical sam-
pling and case studies). The classification developed by Wacker has already been used by Burgess, Singh, and Korogl

I am looking for a behavior that occupys the column ad that provides the proper IEEE spaces, an example is like the one below, notice the proper spacing:

I order to solve the problem I went on the official website of overleaf (which is the editor I am using) and studied this reference which I applied but could not really arrive to what I am looking for.

Also after searching I came across this post which helped but up to a certain point.

I don't understand what I am missing. Thanks for pointing to the right direction.

Answer 1

IEEEtran require that table captions are above table. So, your MWE (a bit modified) should be something like this:

\documentclass{ieeetran}
\usepackage{booktabs, makecell}
\setcellgapes{3pt}
\usepackage{siunitx} % consider is v3

\begin{document}
\section{Systematic literature review}\label{sec:systematic_review}

\subsection{Analysis of publication data}

Wacker (1998), who identified two broad macrocategories of research methods (analytical and empirical) further divided
into six categories (analytical: conceptual, mathematical and statistical; empirical: experimental design, statistical sam-
pling and case studies). The classification developed by Wacker has already been used by Burgess, Singh, and Korogl

    \begin{table}[ht]
\caption{Types of retrieved documents for 3D ultrasound query}
\label{tab:values}
\centering
\makegapedcells
\begin{tabular}{l
                S[table-format=3.0]
                S[table-format=2.0{\,\%}] 
                }
    \toprule Type of document        &   {Frequency} &   {Proportion (\%)}   \\
    \midrule
Journal                 &   930         &   23\,\%          \\
Conference Proceeding   &   168         &   23\,\%          \\
Book series             &   111         &   23\,\%          \\
Book                    &   5           &   23\,\%          \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
    \end{table}

Wacker (1998), who identified two broad macrocategories of research methods (analytical and empirical) further divided
into six categories (analytical: conceptual, mathematical and statistical; empirical: experimental design, statistical sam-
pling and case studies). The classification developed by Wacker has already been used by Burgess, Singh, and Korogl
\end{document}

Edit: In the case, that you have available siunitx package version 2, than specification for additional space for \,% in oS` columns is slightly different:

    \begin{table}[ht]
\caption{Types of retrieved documents for 3D ultrasound query}
\label{tab:values}
\centering
\makegapedcells
\begin{tabular}{l
                S[table-format=3.0]
                S[table-format=2.0,
                  table-space-text-post={\,\%}] % when you have installed siunitx version 2}
    \toprule Type of document        &   {Frequency} &   {Proportion (\%)}   \\
    \midrule
Journal                 &   930         &   23\,\%          \\
Conference Proceeding   &   168         &   23\,\%          \\
Book series             &   111         &   23\,\%          \\
Book                    &   5           &   23\,\%          \\
    \bottomrule
\end{tabular}
    \end{table}

Result is the same as before.