drawing tree using tikz, child overlap

Question

I am trying to draw a tree but unfortunately i have some childs overlap each other,I increased the sibling distance , even i have used the option scale but i have the same problem. here is my code :

\documentclass[openright,a4paper,11pt,french]{report}

\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,positioning,automata,shadows,fit,shapes}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture} [scale=.6]
\tikzstyle{level 1}=[sibling distance=60mm] 
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[sibling distance=30mm] 
\tikzstyle{level 3}=[sibling distance=20mm] 

 \node{country}  
   child{node{name}child{node{ France }}}
   child{ node{city}child{node{ Paris }}}
  child{ node{region}child{node{name}child{node{ Nord-Pas De Calais }}}child{node{population}child{node{ 3996 }}}
  child{node{city}child{node{ Lille }}}}child{node{region}child{node{name}child{node{ Valle du Rhone }}}child{node{city}child{node{ Lyon }}}child{node{city}child{node{ Valence }}}}; 
 \end{tikzpicture}
  \end{document}

and the result is

Answer 1

Maybe not as nice looking a tree, but a lot faster to input. The tikz-qtree package is designed to optimize the spacing between nodes.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz-qtree,tikz-qtree-compat}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[level 1/.style={level distance=1.5cm}]
\Tree
[.country 
  [.name France ] [.city Paris ] [.region 
                      [.name {Nord-Pas de Calais} ] 
                      [.population 3996 ] 
                      [.city Lille  ]
                   ] 
                   [.region 
                       [.name {Valle du Rhone } ] 
                      [.city Lyon ] 
                      [.city Valence ]
                  ]
]
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 2

An answer from the future (using lualatex and incoming graphdrawing libraries from CVS version of TikZ/pgf):

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{graphdrawing,graphdrawing.trees}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{scope}%
    [tree layout,level distance=10mm,text depth=.1em,text height=.8em]
    \node{country}
    child{node{name}
      child{node{France}}
    }
    child{node{city}
      child{node{Paris}}
    }
    child{node{region}
      child{node{name}
        child{node{Nord-Pas De Calais}}
      }
      child{node{population}
        child{node{3996}}
      }
      child{node{city}
        child{node{Lille}}
      }
    }
    child{node{region}
      child{node{name}
        child{node{Vallee du Rhone}}
      }
      child{node{city}
        child{node{Lyon}}
      }
      child{node{city}
        child{node{Valence}}
      }
    }; 
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Here's the result:

A compact version (using incoming graphs library):

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{graphs,graphdrawing,graphdrawing.trees}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
  \begin{scope}%
    [tree layout,level distance=10mm,text depth=.1em,text height=.8em]
    \graph[fresh nodes] {
      country -- {
        name -- France,
        city -- Paris,
        region -- {
          name -- "Nord-Pas De Calais",
          population -- 3996,
          city -- Lille
        },
        region -- {
          name -- "Valle du Rhone",
          city -- Lyon,
          city -- Valence
        }
      }
    };
  \end{scope}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Answer 3

I don't see any problems if I manually tune and do some structuring in the code. Actually if I remove the scale everything works just fine. If you want to scale the picture, you need to add transform shape option next to the scaling option.

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,positioning,automata,shadows,fit,shapes}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture} %[scale=.6,transform shape] %<-- uncomment this to see the effect
\tikzstyle{level 1}=[sibling distance=52mm] 
\tikzstyle{level 2}=[sibling distance=18mm] 

 \node{country} 
  child{node{name} child{ node{ France }}}
  child{node{city} child{node{ Paris }}}
  child{node{region} 
     child{node{name}
     child{node{ Nord-Pas De Calais }}}
     child{node{population} child{node{ 3996 }}}
     child{node{city} child{node{ Lille }}}
  } 
  child{node{region}
      child{node{name}   child{node{ Valle du Rhone }}} 
      child{node{city} child{node{ Lyon }}} 
      child{node{city}child{node{ Valence }}}
  }; 
 \end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

Third level sibling distance won't work if you have just one sibling for each parent.

Answer 4

Another option would be to use package forest, its syntax is similar, although not the same, to the one used with tikz-qtree and its main goal is to build compact trees. Take a look at next code and compare the results with the images provided by the other answerers.

Forest already loads TikZ and environment forest creates a tikzpicture.

\documentclass{standalone}
\usepackage{forest}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
[country 
  [name [France]] [city[ Paris ]] [region 
                      [name [Nord-Pas de Calais] ] 
                      [population [3996] ] 
                      [city [Lille]  ]
                   ] 
                   [region 
                       [name [Valle du Rhone] ] 
                      [city [Lyon] ] 
                      [city [Valence] ]
                  ]
]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

Answer 5

\documentclass[openright,a4paper,10pt,french]{report}%%

\usepackage{tikz,fullpage}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows,positioning,automata,shadows,fit,shapes}
 \usepackage{amsmath}   
\usepackage{xcolor}% http://ctan.org/pkg/xcolor
\newcommand{\highlight}[1]{%
  \ooalign{\hss\makebox[0pt]{\fcolorbox{green!30}{red!40}{$#1$}}\hss\cr\phantom{$#1$}}%
}

\begin{document}

\resizebox{\linewidth}{!}{   
\begin{tikzpicture} [font=\small]
\tikzset{level 1/.style={sibling distance=36ex}}
\tikzset{level 2/.style={sibling distance=13ex}}

 \node{country}  
  child{node{name}child{node{ France }}}
  child{ node{city}child{node{ Paris }}}
  child{ node{region}child{node{name}child{node{ Nord-Pas De Calais }}}child{node{population}child{node{ 3996 }}}
  child{node{city}child{node{ Lille }}}}child{node{region}child{node{name}child{node{ Valle du Rhone }}}child{node{city}child{node{ Lyon }}}child{node{city}child{node{ Valence }}}}; 
 \end{tikzpicture} }

  \end{document} 

Answer 6

Another way of drawing this tree by using the istgame package: Please note that you can use \istb<sibling distance=...> to change the distance between some nodes.

\documentclass{standalone}

\usepackage{istgame}

\begin{document}   

\begin{istgame}[font=\scriptsize]
\tikzset{ellipse node/.style={rectangle node,outer sep=2pt,draw=none}}
\xtdistance{10mm}{52mm}
\istrooto(0){country} 
  \istb<sibling distance=20mm>\istb<sibling distance=20mm>\istb\istb\endist
\xtdistance{10mm}{18mm}
\istrooto(1)(0-1){name} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(1-1)(1-1){France} \endist
\istrooto(2)(0-2){city}\istb \endist
  \istrooto(2-1)(2-1){Paris} \endist
\istrooto(3)(0-3){region} \istb\istb\istb\endist
\istrooto(3a)(3-1){name} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(3a-1)(3a-1){Nord-Pas De Calais} \endist
\istrooto(3b)(3-2){population} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(3b-1)(3b-1){3996} \endist
\istrooto(3c)(3-3){city} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(3c-1)(3c-1){Lille} \endist
\istrooto(4)(0-4){region} \istb\istb\istb\endist
\istrooto(4a)(4-1){name} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(4a-1)(4a-1){Valle du Rhone} \endist
\istrooto(4b)(4-2){city} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(4b-1)(4b-1){Lyon} \endist
\istrooto(4c)(4-3){city} \istb\endist
  \istrooto(4c-1)(4c-1){Valence} \endist
\end{istgame}

\end{document}