Your MWE is not complete and contain errors, so I can only guess, what you like to have. Anyway, if you use tabularx
table, at list one column should be of X
type. For example, the last one:
\documentclass[fleqn]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage{multirow, tabularx}
%---------------- Show page layout. Don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{lipsum}% For dummy text. Don't use in a real document
\begin{document}
\begin{table*}[t]
\caption{ }
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5}
\setlength{\tabcolsep}{4.5pt}
\label{Table:1} %cXXX {\linewidth}
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth} {|c|p{3cm}| p{5cm}|X|}
\hline
AAAAAA(s) & AAAAAAA(s) & AAAAAAAA (s) & AAAAA(s) \\
\hline
& & & \multirow{4}{=}{\lipsum[66]}
\\ \cline{1-3}
& & & \\ \cline{1-3}
& & & \\ \cline{1-3}
& & & \\ \cline{1-3}
\textit{Our work}
& & & \\
\hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{table*}
\end{document}
Edit:
Using it, your table will not protrude out of text borders, as you can see on mage below. It is also not clear, why you for column headers use multicolumn
cells. They only overwrite column settings and make a mess with vertical lines.

Addendum:
For exercise and fun you may investigate features of the tabularray
packages. Using it, the code of above table can be:
\documentclass[fleqn]{IEEEtran}
\usepackage{tabularray}
%---------------- Show page layout. Don't use in a real document!
\usepackage{showframe}
\renewcommand\ShowFrameLinethickness{0.15pt}
\renewcommand*\ShowFrameColor{\color{red}}
%---------------------------------------------------------------%
\usepackage{lipsum}% For dummy text. Don't use in a real document
\begin{document}
\begin{table*}[t]
\caption{ }
\label{Table:1}
\begin{tblr}{hlines, vlines, % lines in table
colspec= {c Q[j,wd=3cm] Q[j,wd=5cm] X[j]},
rowsep=3pt, % vertical space between rows borders
% and (heigher) contents in it
row{1} = {font=\bfseries}, % text in the first row is boldface
vspan = even % height of rows spanned by multi row cell
% is evenly distributed
} % table preamble, defaine its layout
AAAAAA(s) & AAAAAAA(s) & AAAAAAAA (s) & AAAAA(s) \\
& & & \SetCell[r=5]{j} \lipsum[1] % define multi row cell
\\
& & & \\
& & & \\
& & & \\
\textit{Our work}
& short text & \lipsum[1][1] & \\
\end{tblr}
\end{table*}
\end{document}
For more information please read package's dpcumentation.

\documentclass
and ends with\end{document}
. Otherwise we need to guess which packages you use. Also, I think your code has some issues, considering the appearance of\&
twice.\multirow[t]{5}{7.5cm}{
<your text here>}
?tabularx
environment if it has noX
column.