Images are not included. "Float too large for page ..."

Question

I finally decided to follow up on this question, and try to fix some of the problems in the document from Project Gutenberg.

Given this TEX file of a book with typos, how might I produce a corrected version. What tools and supporting packages are necessary or useful?

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/43006

This is a read-only link to my copy of the project. It works for me without authentication.

https://www.overleaf.com/read/mbvgzybcxgmq

I have discovered that the graphics are not being added to the PDF when compiled. These are the commands which seem to deal with including images.

    
%% Diagrams %%
\newcommand{\Graphic}[2][]{%
  \Pagelabel[fig]{#2}%
  \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}{%
    \includegraphics{./images/fig#2.pdf}%
  }{%
    \includegraphics[width=#1]{./images/fig#2.pdf}%
  }%
}
% \Figure{figure number}
\newcommand{\Figure}[2][]{%
  \begin{figure}[hbt!]
    \centering
    \Graphic[#1]{#2}
  \end{figure}\ignorespaces%
}

This is an example log warning message:

<./images/fig1.pdf, id=481, 614.295pt x 794.97pt>
File: ./images/fig1.pdf Graphic file (type pdf)
<use ./images/fig1.pdf>
Package pdftex.def Info: ./images/fig1.pdf  used on input line 1727.
(pdftex.def)             Requested size: 614.29349pt x 794.96806pt.

Overfull \hbox (280.04474pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 1727--1727
 [][] 
 []


LaTeX Warning: Float too large for page by 357.73434pt on input line 1727.

How can I fix this?

Answer 1

Command in text \Figure{1} include a float with the fig1.pdf using the original width of the image and so on in the remaining figures, but the macro is defined to allow also an optional argument, by default empty (that mean the [2][]...). If you use the optional argument, it will be used in place of #1 in the macro definition to make the image smaller or bigger when passed to \Graphic macro (also as an optional argument). Here you can see that the optional argument must be typed first and it must be delimited by square brackets instead of the curly brackets for mandatory arguments.

Therefore, the solution is type as optional argument a relative length (e.g. \Figure[.8\linewidth]{1} if you want the figure 1 with a width equal to the 80% of the width of the text), or an absolute width (e.g.\Figure[6cm]{1} if you want fixed width of 6 cm, irrespectively of the width of the lines of text).

Note also that because captions (e.g. "Fig. 1.") are part of the image, resize each image differently will produce ugly font size inconsistencies. Consider crop the images to remove these captions and include \par Fig. #2. just before \end{figure} in the definition of \Figure.

A MWE using the fig1.pdf in the same working directory (the \Graphic macro is changed to avoid the subdirectory for the images):

\documentclass[a4paper,twocolumn]{article}
% packages just for tuning the example:  
  \usepackage{lipsum} % dummy text 
  \usepackage[margin=4cm]{geometry} % custom margins
% packages used in macro definitions (not optional)
  \usepackage{ifthen}  
  \usepackage{graphicx}
  \usepackage{hyperref}

% Custom macros  
\newcommand{\Pagelabel}[2][page]{\phantomsection\label{#1:#2}}
   
%% Diagrams %%
\newcommand{\Graphic}[2][]{%
  \Pagelabel[fig]{#2}%
  \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{}}{%
    \includegraphics{fig#2}%
  }{%
    \includegraphics[width=#1]{fig#2}%
  }%
}
% \Figure{figure number}
\newcommand{\Figure}[2][]{%
  \begin{figure}[hbt!]
    \centering
    \Graphic[#1]{#2}
  \end{figure}\ignorespaces%
}    
    
\begin{document}
\lipsum[1][1-3]
\Figure{1} % too big for this text (or too small for one column) 
\lipsum[2][1-3]
\Figure[.8\linewidth]{1} % always fitting the margin
\lipsum[3][1]
\end{document}

BTW, learn to make a MWE is not learn LaTeX, is learn to isolate and expose correctly the problem, making all the tedious work except find the solution in order to maximize the probability of obtain help, while link to a large project is just the opposite.

Answer 2

I tried to open the image files from the project, and they didn't appear to be properly rendered. I looked on https://www.gutenberg.org/files/43006/43006-t/images/ and saw the dates on the image files are newer than the project I copied. I copied those files to my project, and all is now well with the images.