How to tell LaTex to avoid orphans?

Question

I tried to play with \clubpenalty and \windowpenalty to avoid orphans like this:

Unfortunately, I cannot make the Payments section jump to the next page.

\section{Payments}

\begin{itemize}
  \item 50 \% with order.
  \item 40 \% when 50 \% of the project is done.
  \item 10 \% on final receipt.
\end{itemize}

How should I fix this?

Answer 1

You haven't produced a MWE that demonstrates what you want solving so I have not tested it or produced MWEs.

a) If all you want is to shift the header you could add \usepackage{needspace} and then put \needspace{5cm} before your section header

Best to hard boil this into your heading settings for example

\usepackage{needspace}

\usepackage[explicit,pagestyles]{titlesec}

\titleformat{\section}{\needspace{10\baselineskip}\color{headcol}\large\sffamily\bfseries}{\thesection}{1em}{#1}[]
\titleformat{\subsection}{\needspace{7\baselineskip}\color{headcol}\large\sffamily\bfseries}{\thesubsection}{1em}{#1}[]
\titleformat{\subsubsection}{\needspace{4\baselineskip}\normalsize\sffamily\bfseries}{\thesubsubsection}{1em}{#1}[]

b) If you are trying to control orphans and widows within the list You could do something like this. Pick your penalties at each level.

\documentclass{book}
\usepackage{enumitem}

\newlist{myfinelist}{itemize}{7}
\setlist[myfinelist,1]{}
\setlist[myfinelist,2]{beginpenalty=5000}
\setlist[myfinelist,3]{beginpenalty=5000}
\setlist[myfinelist,4]{beginpenalty=5000}
\setlist[myfinelist,5]{beginpenalty=5000}
\setlist[myfinelist,6]{beginpenalty=5000}
\setlist[myfinelist,7]{beginpenalty=5000}

\begin{document}

\begin{myfinelist}
\item[•] Hello Hello
\item[•] Hello Hello
    \begin{myfinelist}
    \item[•] Hello Hello
    \item[•] Hello Hello
        \begin{myfinelist}
        \item[•] Hello Hello
        \item[•] Hello Hello
        \item[•] Hello Hello
        \item[•] Hello Hello
        \item[•] Hello Hello
    \end{myfinelist}
    \item[•] Hello Hello
    \item[•] Hello Hello
    \item[•] Hello Hello
\end{myfinelist}
\item[•] Hello Hello
\item[•] Hello Hello
\item[•] Hello Hello
\end{myfinelist}

\end{document}