Custom table with tabularx and multicolumns and multirows

Question

I wanted to create a custom table with latex but I have an issue concerning the size of my table which not ends at the end of the width of the document. I don't understand why because 5x0.2\textwidth = 1 \textwidth.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage{tabularx} % in the preamble
\usepackage{multirow}

\usepackage{geometry}
 \geometry{
 a4paper,
 total={170mm,257mm},
 left=10mm,
 right= 10mm,
 top=10mm,
 }

\begin{document}

\noindent\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth} { 
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.2\textwidth}
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.2\textwidth}
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.2\textwidth}
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.2\textwidth}
  | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.2\textwidth} | 
  }
\hline
\multirow{5}{*}{logo} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{C A}                  & M     \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Titre}                          & R    \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & a & b & c & B   \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & d & e & f & Autres \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & h & i & j & DATE   \\ \hline
\end{tabularx}


\end{document}

How can I solve this issue ?

Answer 1

• tabularx table should has at least one column of X or from it derived type
• if some columns should have different width, you can define ratios between them or write some columns as p{<width>} or m{<width>}
• in your case I would rather use tabularray package instead of tabularx since
  • code is shorter,
  • cells' contents is better vertical spaced (centered)
  • if needed, it is simple change ratio between columns width

Example, when all columns has the same width:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper,
          total={170mm,257mm},
          hmargin=10mm,
          top=10mm,
          }
\usepackage{tabularray}

\begin{document}

\noindent\begin{tblr}{hlines, vlines,
                      colspec = {*{5}{X[c]}}
                      }
\SetCell[r=5]{c}    logo
    &   \SetCell[c=3]{c} C A                 
        &   &   &   M               \\  
    &   \SetCell[c=3]{c} Titre
        &   &   &   R               \\
    & a & b & c &   B               \\
    & d & e & f &   Autres          \\
    & h & i & j &   DATE            \\ 
\end{tblr}
\end{document}

and a case that cells has different widths:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper,
          total={170mm,257mm},
          hmargin=10mm,
          top=10mm,
          }
\usepackage{tabularray}

\begin{document}

\noindent\begin{tblr}{hlines, vlines,
                      colspec = {X[0.8, c] X[c] X[2, c] X[c] X[1.2, c]}
                      }
\SetCell[r=5]{c}    logo
    &   \SetCell[c=3]{c} C A                 
        &   &   &   M               \\  
    &   \SetCell[c=3]{c} Titre
        &   &   &   R               \\
    & a & b & c &   B               \\
    & d & e & f &   Autres          \\
    & h & i & j &   DATE            \\ 
\end{tblr}
\end{document}

Answer 2

I have a working (not perfect) code that done this output:

The code:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage{tabularx} % in the preamble
\usepackage{multirow}

\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{
    a4paper,
    total={170mm,257mm},
    left=10mm,
    right= 10mm,
    top=10mm,
}

\begin{document}
    
    \noindent\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth} { 
            | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.18\textwidth}
            | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.18\textwidth}
            | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.18\textwidth}
            | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.18\textwidth}
            | >{\centering\arraybackslash}m{.18\textwidth} | 
        }
        \cline{1-5}
        \multirow{5}{*}{logo} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{C A}      & M     \\ \cline{2-5} 
        & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Titre}                          & R    \\ \cline{2-5} 
        & a & b & c & B   \\ \cline{2-5} 
        & d & e & f & Autres \\ \cline{2-5} 
        & h & i & j & DATE   \\ \cline{1-5}
    \end{tabularx}
        
\end{document}

Answer 3

This works:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage{tabularx} % in the preamble
\usepackage{multirow}

\usepackage{geometry}
 \geometry{
 a4paper,
 %total={170mm,257mm},
 left=10mm,
 right= 10mm,
 top=10mm,
 }

\begin{document}

\noindent\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth} { 
  *{5}{| >{\centering\arraybackslash}X}| 
  }
\hline
\multirow{5}{*}{logo} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{C A}                  & M     \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Titre}                          & R    \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & a & b & c & B   \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & d & e & f & Autres \\ \cline{2-5} 
                      & h & i & j & DATE   \\ \hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

The X column will stretch to fill the available space, which must take into account the vertical lines and the intercolumn space too. It's the only reason for the existence of the tabularx package... otherwise you can just go with a normal tabular* environment.

You can also use multipliers to avoid re-type the same thing 5 times.

I also removed one the total specifier in geometry: if you give paper size, left and right margin, you have fully specified the dimensions...

Answer 4

tabularx provides X-type column, which adapts its width to the table. I would additionally suggest to define a custom column e.g. Y to avoid unnecessary repetition

\newcolumntype{Y}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}

The code:

\documentclass{article}
% \usepackage{graphicx}
% \usepackage[export]{adjustbox}
\usepackage{tabularx} % in the preamble
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{geometry}
 \geometry{
     a4paper,
     % total={170mm,257mm},
     left=10mm,
     right= 10mm,
     top=10mm,
}
\newcolumntype{Y}{>{\centering\arraybackslash}X}


\begin{document}
\noindent
\begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{|*5{Y|}}
    \hline
    \multirow{5}{*}{logo} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{C A}   & M \\ \cline{2-5} 
                          & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Titre} & R \\ \cline{2-5} 
                          & a & b & c                  & B \\ \cline{2-5} 
                          & d & e & f                  & Autres \\ \cline{2-5} 
                          & h & i & j                  & DATE   \\ \hline
\end{tabularx}
\end{document}

and screenshot:

Answer 5

You don't seem to really want a tabularx environment. In particular, you don't seem to require automatic line breaking in any cells. Instead, it looks like you "just" want to create a table with five equal-width columns.

If this interpretation is correct, I suggest you (a) employ a tabular environment instead of tabularx environment and (b) load the array package and employ its w column type, which lets you specify the column's desired usable width. (In a LaTeX table, the column's total width is generally the sum of (a) the usable width and (b) any whitespace padding on either side, given by the parameter \tabcolsep.)

The following table has fives columns with usable widths of 2cm.

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{array}    % for 'w' column type
\usepackage{multirow}
\usepackage{geometry}
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, top=10mm}

\begin{document}

\begin{center}
\setlength\extrarowheight{2pt} % for a less cramped "look"
\begin{tabular}{ | *{5}{w{c}{2cm}|} }
\hline
\multirow{5}{*}{logo} 
   & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{C A}   & M \\ \cline{2-5} 
   & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Titre} & R \\ \cline{2-5} 
   & a & b & c                  & B \\ \cline{2-5} 
   & d & e & f                  & Autres \\ \cline{2-5} 
   & h & i & j                  & DATE   \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\end{document}