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I am having a trouble trying to bold a series of math equations using \boldmath command. All equations symbols seem to bold fine except \because and \therefore. To bold them I have to additionally use extra command like \pmb which was not convenient for long sets for equations.

This is a sample code:

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}

\begin{document}

No bold commands used at all (for comparison):
\[ \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \therefore x = 1 \]

Despite using ``boldmath" but No bold ``because" and ``therefore" symbols:
\boldmath
\[ \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \therefore x = 1 \]

To get them bold, ``pmb" must be used:
\[ \pmb \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \pmb \therefore x = 1 \]

\end{document}

Which gives the result:

enter image description here

Other symbols from amssymb package (e.g. \propto, \equiv) followed \boldmath without problems.

Is there an alternative command (using pdflatex only) that can bold everything in a series of math equation properly?

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1 Answer 1

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3

The AMS amsa and amsb fonts are not available in bold. Other font sets have more complete bold eg the txmath Times Roman style fonts.

enter image description here

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{amsmath, newtx}

\begin{document}

No bold commands used at all (for comparison):
\[ \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \therefore x = 1 \]

Despite using ``boldmath" but No bold ``because" and ``therefore" symbols:
\boldmath
\[ \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \therefore x = 1 \]

To get them bold, ``pmb" must be used:
\[ \pmb \because x - 1 = 0  \quad \pmb \therefore x = 1 \]

\end{document}
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5
  • Thank you for your answer. Unfortunately I get this message when I compile Sorry, but miktex-makemf did not succeed. The log file hopefully contains the information to get MiKTeX going again: C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\MiKTeX\2.9\miktex\log\miktex-makemf.log
    – hesham
    Commented Oct 24, 2023 at 0:42
  • I think I have a problem in my tex installation. The code that you just wrote works fine on Overleaf.
    – hesham
    Commented Oct 24, 2023 at 0:45
  • @hesham try the older form, replace newtx by newtxtext,newtxmath
    – David Carlisle
    Commented Oct 24, 2023 at 0:48
  • Thanks @David Carlisle I did, but still out of luck. Actually my distribution is up to date and should include newtx package. However, neither newtx nor newtxtext, newtxmath did solve the problem. I still get the above error message.
    – hesham
    Commented Oct 24, 2023 at 1:23
  • 1
    The problem was solved by rebuilding the formats in miktex settings. Thank you for your help.
    – hesham
    Commented Oct 24, 2023 at 2:21

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